Are Alterations in DNA Methylation Related to CKD Development?

The modifications in genomic DNA methylation are involved in the regulation of normal and pathological cellular processes. The epigenetic regulation stimulates biological plasticity as an adaptive response to variations in environmental factors. The role of epigenetic changes is vital for the develo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-06, Vol.23 (13), p.7108
Main Authors: Rysz, Jacek, Franczyk, Beata, Rysz-Górzyńska, Magdalena, Gluba-Brzózka, Anna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atherogenesis
Binding sites
Biomarkers
Cardiovascular disease
chronic kidney disease
Cytokines
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diabetes
DNA
DNA Methylation
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetics
Fibrosis
Gene expression
Genes
Genomes
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Homocysteine
Humans
Hypertension
Hypoxia
Inflammation
Kidney - metabolism
Kidney diseases
MicroRNAs
Plastic foam
Proteins
Renal function
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - metabolism
Review
Transcription factors
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Summary:The modifications in genomic DNA methylation are involved in the regulation of normal and pathological cellular processes. The epigenetic regulation stimulates biological plasticity as an adaptive response to variations in environmental factors. The role of epigenetic changes is vital for the development of some diseases, including atherogenesis, cancers, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results of studies presented in this review have suggested that altered DNA methylation can modulate the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes, as well those essential for kidney development and function, thus stimulating renal disease progression. Abnormally increased homocysteine, hypoxia, and inflammation have been suggested to alter epigenetic regulation of gene expression in CKD. Studies of renal samples have demonstrated the relationship between variations in DNA methylation and fibrosis and variations in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in human CKD. The unravelling of the genetic-epigenetic profile would enhance our understanding of processes underlying the development of CKD. The understanding of multifaceted relationship between DNA methylation, genes expression, and disease development and progression could improve the ability to identify individuals at risk of CKD and enable the choice of appropriate disease management.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23137108