PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SANITARY QUALITY AND OIL CONTENT OF CASTOR BEAN SEEDS UNDER DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS?

• Published in: Caatinga 2019-01, Vol.32 (1), p.131-142
• Main Authors: Santos, Heloisa Oliveira dos, Carvalho, Maria Laene Moreira de, Lopes, Camila Aparecida, Pinho, Édila Vilela de Resende Von, Coelho, Stefânia Vilas Boas
• Format: Article
• Language: eng ; por
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRONOMY; Cryopreservation; Cultivars; FISHERIES; Foils; FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; FORESTRY; Fungi; Germination; Moisture content; Oil; Oilseeds; Physiological effects; Physiology; Polyethylene; Polyethylenes; Ricinus communis; Seeds; Storage; Storage conditions; Vacuum; VETERINARY SCIENCES; Water content
• ISSN: 0100-316X; 1983-2125; 1983-2125
• DOI: 10.1590/1983-21252019v32n114rc

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different storage conditions on the physiological and sanitary quality and oil content of castor bean (Ricinus communis) seeds. Seeds of castor bean plants of the Guarani, and IAC-80 cultivars were stored in two environments (cold room, and room conditions), using three package types (multifoliate Kraft paper bag, and polyethylene bag, and polyethylene bag with vacuum at 1 atm). In addition, another storage condition was evaluated: cryopreservation (-196 °C) in foil paper bags. Seed quality was evaluated before storage and at 4, 8, and 12 months after storage by testing their 7-day and 14-day germination, emergence, health, water content, and oil content. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with 7×4 factorial arrangement consisting of seven storage conditions and four evaluation times. Cryopreservation is the ideal condition for maintaining the seed physiological quality of the Ricinus communis cultivars used throughout storage. The oil content of the R. communis seeds decreases, and the incidence of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. fungi increases throughout storage, regardless of the storage conditions. RESUMO Para investigar se diferentes condições de armazenamento interferem no potencial fisiológico, sanitário e no teor de óleo de sementes de mamona (Ricinus communis) foram utilizadas sementes de duas cultivares, Guarani e IAC-80, armazenadas em dois ambientes (câmara fria e armazém convencional) em duas embalagens (saco de papel Kraft multifoliado e saco plástico - com e sem acondicionamento a vácuo a 1 atm). Testou-se ainda outro tipo de acondicionamento, utilizando-se papel aluminizado para criopreservação das sementes (-196 °C). A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada antes do armazenamento e após 4, 8 e 12 meses por meio dos testes de geminação (contagem aos 7 e 14 dias), emergência, sanidade, teor de água e teor de óleo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 7x4, sendo sete condições de armazenamento e quatro épocas. A criopreservação (-196 °C) é a condição ideal para manutenção do potencial fisiológico de sementes de Ricinus communis, cultivares IAC-80 e Guarani, ao longo do armazenamento. Independente das condições de armazenamento de sementes de R. communis, o teor de óleo decresce e a incidência dos fungos Aspergillus spp. e Fusarium spp. aumenta ao longo do armazenamento.