USP2-Related Cellular Signaling and Consequent Pathophysiological Outcomes

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2021-02, Vol.22 (3), p.1209
• Main Authors: Kitamura, Hiroshi, Hashimoto, Mayuko
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - genetics; Autophagy - genetics; Biomarkers; Bladder cancer; BMAL1 protein; Breast cancer; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell cycle; Cell Cycle - genetics; Central nervous system; Cholesterol; circadian clock; Circadian Clocks - genetics; Cyclins; Cytokines; Cytoplasm; Deoxyribonucleic acid; Disease Susceptibility; DNA; Energy Metabolism; Epidermal growth factor; Epithelial cells; Fatty-acid synthase; Fertility; Gene expression; Gene Expression Regulation; Genital tract; Gluconeogenesis; Growth factors; Humans; Immune system; inflammation; Insulin; Intestine; Ion channels; Kinases; Liver; Locomotion; metabolic disorder; Metastasis; Organ Specificity - genetics; p53 Protein; Pancreatic cancer; Prostate cancer; Proteins; Review; Rhythms; Signal Transduction; Suprachiasmatic nucleus; Tumorigenesis; Tumors; Ubiquitin; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase - genetics; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase - metabolism; ubiquitin-specific protease
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031209

Ubiquitin specific protease (USP) 2 is a multifunctional deubiquitinating enzyme. USP2 modulates cell cycle progression, and therefore carcinogenesis, via the deubiquitination of cyclins and Aurora-A. Other tumorigenic molecules, including epidermal growth factor and fatty acid synthase, are also targets for USP2. USP2 additionally prevents p53 signaling. On the other hand, USP2 functions as a key component of the CLOCK/BMAL1 complex and participates in rhythmic gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and liver. USP2 variants influence energy metabolism by controlling hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic cholesterol uptake, adipose tissue inflammation, and subsequent systemic insulin sensitivity. USP2 also has the potential to promote surface expression of ion channels in renal and intestinal epithelial cells. In addition to modifying the production of cytokines in immune cells, USP2 also modulates the signaling molecules that are involved in cytokine signaling in the target cells. knockout mice exhibit changes in locomotion and male fertility, which suggest roles for USP2 in the central nervous system and male genital tract, respectively. In this review, we summarize the cellular events with USP2 contributions and list the signaling molecules that are upstream or downstream of USP2. Additionally, we describe phenotypic differences found in the in vitro and in vivo experimental models.