Using Zebrafish to Model Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comparison of ASD Risk Genes Between Zebrafish and Their Mammalian Counterparts

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a highly variable and complex set of neurological disorders that alter neurodevelopment and cognitive function, which usually presents with social and learning impairments accompanied with other comorbid symptoms like hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, or repet...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience 2020-11, Vol.13, p.575575-575575
Main Authors: Rea, Victoria, Van Raay, Terence J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
ASD
Autism
Behavior
Cognitive ability
CRISPR
Danio rerio
Environmental factors
Etiology
genes
Genetic engineering
Genomes
Gnotobiotic
human
Hypersensitivity
Mammals
Molecular modelling
Mutation
Neurodevelopment
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurological diseases
Neuroscience
Phenotypes
Social discrimination learning
Social interaction
Zebrafish
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a highly variable and complex set of neurological disorders that alter neurodevelopment and cognitive function, which usually presents with social and learning impairments accompanied with other comorbid symptoms like hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity, or repetitive behaviors. Autism can be caused by genetic and/or environmental factors and unraveling the etiology of ASD has proven challenging, especially given that different genetic mutations can cause both similar and different phenotypes that all fall within the autism spectrum. Furthermore, the list of ASD risk genes is ever increasing making it difficult to synthesize a common theme. The use of rodent models to enhance ASD research is invaluable and is beginning to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease. Recently, zebrafish have been recognized as a useful model of neurodevelopmental disorders with regards to genetics, pharmacology and behavior and one of the main foundations supporting autism research (SFARI) recently identified 12 ASD risk genes with validated zebrafish mutant models. Here, we describe what is known about those 12 ASD risk genes in human, mice and zebrafish to better facilitate this research. We also describe several non-genetic models including pharmacological and gnotobiotic models that are used in zebrafish to study ASD.
ISSN:1662-5099
1662-5099
DOI:10.3389/fnmol.2020.575575