Activators and Inhibitors of Protein Kinase C (PKC): Their Applications in Clinical Trials

Protein kinase C (PKC), a family of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinase, is classed into three subfamilies based on their structural and activation characteristics: conventional or classic PKC isozymes (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic PKC isozymes (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ),...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2021-10, Vol.13 (11), p.1748
Main Authors: Kawano, Takahito, Inokuchi, Junichi, Eto, Masatoshi, Murata, Masaharu, Kang, Jeong-Hun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
activator
Alzheimer's disease
Apoptosis
Binding sites
Cancer
Cell cycle
Cell growth
clinical trial
Clinical trials
Competition
Cyclin-dependent kinases
Glycoproteins
inhibitor
Kinases
Leukemia
Medical prognosis
Mutation
Phase transitions
Phosphorylation
protein kinase C
Proteins
Review
Signal transduction
signaling pathway
Tumors
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Summary:Protein kinase C (PKC), a family of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinase, is classed into three subfamilies based on their structural and activation characteristics: conventional or classic PKC isozymes (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic PKC isozymes (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical PKC isozymes (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ). PKC inhibitors and activators are used to understand PKC-mediated intracellular signaling pathways and for the diagnosis and treatment of various PKC-associated diseases, such as cancers, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and infections. Many clinical trials of PKC inhibitors in cancers showed no significant clinical benefits, meaning that there is a limitation to design a cancer therapeutic strategy targeting PKC alone. This review will focus on the activators and inhibitors of PKC and their applications in clinical trials.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13111748