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Determinants of psychological distress among individuals who are aware of their HIV serostatus in South Africa: findings from the 2017 national HIV prevalence, incidence, behavior, and communication survey
Psychological distress is a growing public health challenge among people living with HIV. This study investigated the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals who know their HIV positive or negative serostatus in South Africa using 2017 data from a nationwide cross-sectional household-...
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| Published in: | Frontiers in public health 2024-05, Vol.12, p.1387878 |
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| container_title | Frontiers in public health |
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| creator | Vondo, Noloyiso Mabaso, Musawenkosi Ginyana, Thembelihle Malope, Lesiba Moyo, Sizulu Zungu, Nompumelelo Shisana, Olive |
| description | Psychological distress is a growing public health challenge among people living with HIV. This study investigated the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals who know their HIV positive or negative serostatus in South Africa using 2017 data from a nationwide cross-sectional household-based population survey.
The data for this secondary analysis was collected using a multi-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling design. Multivariable backward stepwise generalized linear regression models were fitted to determine factors associated with psychological distress as measured by the Kessler Scale (K10) among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who know their serostatus in South Africa.
Of 18,662 participants, psychological distress was 27.4% (95% CI: 25.3-29.7) among those HIV-positive and 20.1% (95% C: 18.8-21.4) among those HIV-negative. The odds of psychological distress were significantly higher among HIV-positive individuals who rated their health as fair/poor [AOR = 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.35),
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| doi_str_mv | 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387878 |
| format | article |
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The data for this secondary analysis was collected using a multi-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling design. Multivariable backward stepwise generalized linear regression models were fitted to determine factors associated with psychological distress as measured by the Kessler Scale (K10) among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who know their serostatus in South Africa.
Of 18,662 participants, psychological distress was 27.4% (95% CI: 25.3-29.7) among those HIV-positive and 20.1% (95% C: 18.8-21.4) among those HIV-negative. The odds of psychological distress were significantly higher among HIV-positive individuals who rated their health as fair/poor [AOR = 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.35),
< 0.001], and the odds were lower among those residing in rural formal/farm areas [AOR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.93),
< 0.001], and those with tertiary education level [AOR = 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78-0.99),
= 0.033]. The odds of psychological distress in HIV-negative individuals were significantly higher among females than males [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.14),
< 0.001], high-risk alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02-1.57),
= 0.035] and hazardous alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18),
= 0.028] than abstainers and those who rated their health as fair/poor rather than excellent/good [AOR = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.10-1.26),
< 0.001].
The study underscores the importance of addressing, alcohol misuse and socio-structural inequalities linked to gender and race-based disparities, such as low educational attainment and unemployment, as critical factors associated with psychological distress in the study population.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2296-2565</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2296-2565</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387878</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38846607</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: Frontiers Media S.A</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; HIV Infections - epidemiology ; HIV Infections - psychology ; HIV negative ; HIV positive ; HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology ; HIV Seropositivity - psychology ; HIV serostatus ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Psychological Distress ; Public Health ; Risk Factors ; South Africa ; South Africa - epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological - epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological - psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Frontiers in public health, 2024-05, Vol.12, p.1387878</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2024 Vondo, Mabaso, Ginyana, Malope, Moyo, Zungu and Shisana.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 Vondo, Mabaso, Ginyana, Malope, Moyo, Zungu and Shisana. 2024 Vondo, Mabaso, Ginyana, Malope, Moyo, Zungu and Shisana</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-4d25e3402ae8ae9cf6556a7a24a533194d47392c8af3c927998608a633460de63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11153803/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11153803/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38846607$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vondo, Noloyiso</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mabaso, Musawenkosi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ginyana, Thembelihle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malope, Lesiba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moyo, Sizulu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zungu, Nompumelelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shisana, Olive</creatorcontrib><title>Determinants of psychological distress among individuals who are aware of their HIV serostatus in South Africa: findings from the 2017 national HIV prevalence, incidence, behavior, and communication survey</title><title>Frontiers in public health</title><addtitle>Front Public Health</addtitle><description>Psychological distress is a growing public health challenge among people living with HIV. This study investigated the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals who know their HIV positive or negative serostatus in South Africa using 2017 data from a nationwide cross-sectional household-based population survey.
The data for this secondary analysis was collected using a multi-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling design. Multivariable backward stepwise generalized linear regression models were fitted to determine factors associated with psychological distress as measured by the Kessler Scale (K10) among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who know their serostatus in South Africa.
Of 18,662 participants, psychological distress was 27.4% (95% CI: 25.3-29.7) among those HIV-positive and 20.1% (95% C: 18.8-21.4) among those HIV-negative. The odds of psychological distress were significantly higher among HIV-positive individuals who rated their health as fair/poor [AOR = 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.35),
< 0.001], and the odds were lower among those residing in rural formal/farm areas [AOR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.93),
< 0.001], and those with tertiary education level [AOR = 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78-0.99),
= 0.033]. The odds of psychological distress in HIV-negative individuals were significantly higher among females than males [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.14),
< 0.001], high-risk alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02-1.57),
= 0.035] and hazardous alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18),
= 0.028] than abstainers and those who rated their health as fair/poor rather than excellent/good [AOR = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.10-1.26),
< 0.001].
The study underscores the importance of addressing, alcohol misuse and socio-structural inequalities linked to gender and race-based disparities, such as low educational attainment and unemployment, as critical factors associated with psychological distress in the study population.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>HIV Infections - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Infections - psychology</subject><subject>HIV negative</subject><subject>HIV positive</subject><subject>HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology</subject><subject>HIV Seropositivity - psychology</subject><subject>HIV serostatus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Incidence</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Prevalence</subject><subject>Psychological Distress</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>South Africa</subject><subject>South Africa - epidemiology</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological - epidemiology</subject><subject>Stress, Psychological - psychology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>2296-2565</issn><issn>2296-2565</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkk1v3CAQhq2qVROl-QM9VBx7yG4x2Nj0UkXpRyJF6qEfVzSG8ZrIhi3gjfZH9j8VZ7dRIiQYwbzPjJi3KN6WdM15Kz_027kb1oyyal3ytsnrRXHKmBQrVov65ZP4pDiP8Y5SWlJeUVa-Lk5421ZC0Oa0-PsZE4bJOnApEt-TbdzrwY9-YzWMxNiYAsZIYPJuQ6wzdmfNDGMk94MnEJDA_bJnZRrQBnJ985tEDD4mSHPMCvLDz2kgl33IxI-kXxhuE0kf_LRoCKNlQxwk612uuOi3AXcwotN4kQHamkPY4QA768MFAWeI9tM0u8xchCTOYYf7N8WrPveG58fzrPj19cvPq-vV7fdvN1eXtyvNa5pWlWE1Ln8B2AJK3Yu6FtAAq6DmvJSVqRoumW6h51qyRspW0BYE55WgBgU_K24OXOPhTm2DnSDslQerHi582CgIyeoRVV9C13XMZBKrGsFl0-m6bg12QMH0VWZ9OrDyQCc0Gl0KMD6DPn9xdlAbv1NlWda8pTwT3h8Jwf-ZMSY12ahxHMGhn6PiVNSykYLJnMoOqTpPKAbsH-uUVC2-Ug--Uouv1NFXWfTuaYePkv8u4v8AIGXO8g</recordid><startdate>20240523</startdate><enddate>20240523</enddate><creator>Vondo, Noloyiso</creator><creator>Mabaso, Musawenkosi</creator><creator>Ginyana, Thembelihle</creator><creator>Malope, Lesiba</creator><creator>Moyo, Sizulu</creator><creator>Zungu, Nompumelelo</creator><creator>Shisana, Olive</creator><general>Frontiers Media S.A</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20240523</creationdate><title>Determinants of psychological distress among individuals who are aware of their HIV serostatus in South Africa: findings from the 2017 national HIV prevalence, incidence, behavior, and communication survey</title><author>Vondo, Noloyiso ; Mabaso, Musawenkosi ; Ginyana, Thembelihle ; Malope, Lesiba ; Moyo, Sizulu ; Zungu, Nompumelelo ; Shisana, Olive</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c350t-4d25e3402ae8ae9cf6556a7a24a533194d47392c8af3c927998608a633460de63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>HIV Infections - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Infections - psychology</topic><topic>HIV negative</topic><topic>HIV positive</topic><topic>HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology</topic><topic>HIV Seropositivity - psychology</topic><topic>HIV serostatus</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Prevalence</topic><topic>Psychological Distress</topic><topic>Public Health</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>South Africa</topic><topic>South Africa - epidemiology</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological - epidemiology</topic><topic>Stress, Psychological - psychology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vondo, Noloyiso</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mabaso, Musawenkosi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ginyana, Thembelihle</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Malope, Lesiba</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moyo, Sizulu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zungu, Nompumelelo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shisana, Olive</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Frontiers in public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vondo, Noloyiso</au><au>Mabaso, Musawenkosi</au><au>Ginyana, Thembelihle</au><au>Malope, Lesiba</au><au>Moyo, Sizulu</au><au>Zungu, Nompumelelo</au><au>Shisana, Olive</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Determinants of psychological distress among individuals who are aware of their HIV serostatus in South Africa: findings from the 2017 national HIV prevalence, incidence, behavior, and communication survey</atitle><jtitle>Frontiers in public health</jtitle><addtitle>Front Public Health</addtitle><date>2024-05-23</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>12</volume><spage>1387878</spage><pages>1387878-</pages><issn>2296-2565</issn><eissn>2296-2565</eissn><abstract>Psychological distress is a growing public health challenge among people living with HIV. This study investigated the prevalence of psychological distress among individuals who know their HIV positive or negative serostatus in South Africa using 2017 data from a nationwide cross-sectional household-based population survey.
The data for this secondary analysis was collected using a multi-stage stratified cluster randomized sampling design. Multivariable backward stepwise generalized linear regression models were fitted to determine factors associated with psychological distress as measured by the Kessler Scale (K10) among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who know their serostatus in South Africa.
Of 18,662 participants, psychological distress was 27.4% (95% CI: 25.3-29.7) among those HIV-positive and 20.1% (95% C: 18.8-21.4) among those HIV-negative. The odds of psychological distress were significantly higher among HIV-positive individuals who rated their health as fair/poor [AOR = 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.35),
< 0.001], and the odds were lower among those residing in rural formal/farm areas [AOR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.78-0.93),
< 0.001], and those with tertiary education level [AOR = 0.88 (95% CI: 0.78-0.99),
= 0.033]. The odds of psychological distress in HIV-negative individuals were significantly higher among females than males [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.05-1.14),
< 0.001], high-risk alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02-1.57),
= 0.035] and hazardous alcohol drinkers [AOR = 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18),
= 0.028] than abstainers and those who rated their health as fair/poor rather than excellent/good [AOR = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.10-1.26),
< 0.001].
The study underscores the importance of addressing, alcohol misuse and socio-structural inequalities linked to gender and race-based disparities, such as low educational attainment and unemployment, as critical factors associated with psychological distress in the study population.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>Frontiers Media S.A</pub><pmid>38846607</pmid><doi>10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387878</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | PubMed Central |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Cross-Sectional Studies Female HIV Infections - epidemiology HIV Infections - psychology HIV negative HIV positive HIV Seropositivity - epidemiology HIV Seropositivity - psychology HIV serostatus Humans Incidence Male Middle Aged Prevalence Psychological Distress Public Health Risk Factors South Africa South Africa - epidemiology Stress, Psychological - epidemiology Stress, Psychological - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Young Adult |
| title | Determinants of psychological distress among individuals who are aware of their HIV serostatus in South Africa: findings from the 2017 national HIV prevalence, incidence, behavior, and communication survey |
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