The Role of Mitochondria-Derived Peptides in Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets

Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) are small peptides hidden in the mitochondrial DNA, maintaining mitochondrial function and protecting cells under different stresses. Currently, three types of MDPs have been identified: Humanin, MOTS-c and SHLP1-6. MDPs have demonstrated anti-apoptotic and anti-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-08, Vol.22 (16), p.8770
Main Authors: Dabravolski, Siarhei A., Nikiforov, Nikita G., Starodubova, Antonina V., Popkova, Tatyana V., Orekhov, Alexander N.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Alzheimer's disease
Apoptosis
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Biosynthesis
Blood vessels
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Cholesterol
Cytokines
Diabetes
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Genomes
Heart
Humanin
Hyperlipidemia
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Metabolism
Mitochondria
mitochondria-derived peptides
Mitochondrial DNA
MOTS-c
Oxidative stress
Peptides
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Resistance factors
Review
Risk analysis
Risk factors
SHLPs
Therapeutic applications
Therapeutic targets
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
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Summary:Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) are small peptides hidden in the mitochondrial DNA, maintaining mitochondrial function and protecting cells under different stresses. Currently, three types of MDPs have been identified: Humanin, MOTS-c and SHLP1-6. MDPs have demonstrated anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities, reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress-protecting properties both in vitro and in vivo. Recent research suggests that MDPs have a significant cardioprotective role, affecting CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) development and progression. CVDs are the leading cause of death globally; this term combines disorders of the blood vessels and heart. In this review, we focus on the recent progress in understanding the relationships between MDPs and the main cardiovascular risk factors (atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, hyperlipidaemia and ageing). We also will discuss the therapeutic application of MDPs, modified and synthetic MDPs, and their potential as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22168770