Characterization of the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance-producing probiotics isolated from fermented foods

• Published in: BMC microbiology 2024-03, Vol.24 (1), p.85-85, Article 85
• Main Authors: Thuy, Tran Thi Dieu, Lu, Hsu-Feng, Bregente, Carl Jay Ballena, Huang, Fong-Chi Annabelle, Tu, Pei-Chun, Kao, Cheng-Yen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adhesion; Amino acids; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial activity; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Antimicrobial peptides; Antimicrobial resistance; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance; Bacteriocins; Bacteriocins - metabolism; Biofilm formation; Biofilms; Care and treatment; Cell adhesion; Cell lines; Chemical properties; Chromosomes; Cluster analysis; Cytotoxicity; DNA sequencing; Drug resistance; Drug resistance in microorganisms; E coli; Enterococcus faecium; Escherichia coli; Exopolysaccharides; Fermented food; Fermented Foods; Food; Gene sequencing; Genes; Genomes; Genomics; Gram-positive bacteria; Health aspects; Humans; Infectious diseases; Klebsiella; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Lactic acid; Lactic acid bacteria; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; Lactobacillales; Larvae; Limosilactobacillus fermentum; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - metabolism; Metronidazole; Microbiological research; Molecular weight; Multidrug resistance; Multidrug-resistant bacteria; Nucleotide sequencing; Pathogens; Penicillin G; Peptides; Pharmacology; Plasmids; Probiotic; Probiotics; Probiotics - metabolism; Proteins; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salmonella; Salmonella Choleraesuis; Staphylococcal infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Strains (organisms); Superantigens; Testing; Tetracycline; Tetracyclines; Toxicity; Toxins; Weissella confusa; Whole genome sequencing
• ISSN: 1471-2180; 1471-2180
• DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03245-0

Antimicrobial peptides, such as bacteriocin, produced by probiotics have become a promising novel class of therapeutic agents for treating infectious diseases. Selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from fermented foods with probiotic potential were evaluated for various tests, including exopolysaccharide production, antibiotic susceptibility, acid and bile tolerance, antibacterial activity, and cell adhesion and cytotoxicity to gastric cell lines. Six selected LAB strains maintained their high viability under gastrointestinal conditions, produced high exopolysaccharides, showed no or less cytotoxicity, and adhered successfully to gastric cells. Furthermore, three strains, Weissella confusa CYLB30, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CYLB47, and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CYLB55, demonstrated a strong antibacterial effect against drug-resistant Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis, Enterococcus faecium, and Staphylococcus aureus. Whole genome sequencing was performed on these three strains using the Nanopore platform; then, the results showed that all three strains did not harbor genes related to toxins, superantigens, and acquired antimicrobial resistance, in their genome. The bacteriocin gene cluster was found in CYLB47 genome, but not in CYLB30 and CYLB55 genomes. In SDS-PAGE, the extract of CYLB30 and CYLB47 bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS) yielded a single band with a size of less than 10 kDa. These BLIS inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of drug-resistant P. aeruginosa and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), causing membrane disruption and inhibiting adhesion ability to human skin HaCaT cells. Moreover, CYLB30 and CYLB47 BLIS rescued the larvae after being infected with P. aeruginosa and MRSA infections. In conclusion, CYLB30 and CYLB47 BLIS may be potential alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant bacteria infections.