Molecular diagnosis of microbial copathogens with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in Oaxaca, Mexico

Multiple factors have been associated with the severity of infection by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These include H1N1 cases with proven coinfections showing clinical association with bacterial contagions. The objective was to identify H1N1 and copathogens in the Oaxaca (Mexico) population. A cross-sect...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Research and reports in tropical medicine 2018-01, Vol.9, p.49-62
Main Authors: Ramírez-Palacios, Luis Román, Reséndez-Pérez, Diana, Rodríguez-Padilla, Maria Cristina, Saavedra-Alonso, Santiago, Real-Najarro, Olga, Fernández-Santos, Nadia A, Rodriguez Perez, Mario A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
bacteria
Consent
copathogens
Disease
H1N1
Illnesses
Influenza A
microarray assay
Mortality
Mutation
Original Research
Pandemics
Pneumonia
Public health
Streptococcus infections
Studies
Swine flu
Viral infections
Viruses
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Summary:Multiple factors have been associated with the severity of infection by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These include H1N1 cases with proven coinfections showing clinical association with bacterial contagions. The objective was to identify H1N1 and copathogens in the Oaxaca (Mexico) population. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2009 to 2012. A total of 88 study patients with confirmed H1N1 by quantitative RT-PCR were recruited. Total nucleic acid from clinical samples of study patients was analyzed using a TessArray RPM-Flu microarray assay to identify other respiratory pathogens. High prevalence of copathogens (77.3%; 68 patients harbored one to three pathogens), predominantly from , , , and , were detected. Three patients (3.4%) had four or five respiratory copathogens, whereas others (19.3%) had no copathogens. Copathogenic occurrence with was 5.7%, Coxsackie virus 2.3%, 1.1%, 1.1%, and parainfluenza virus 3 1.1%. The number of patients with copathogens was four times higher to those with H1N1 alone (80.68% and 19.32%, respectively). Four individuals (4.5%; two males, one female, and one infant) who died due to H1N1 were observed to have harbored such copathogens as , , , and . In summary, copathogens were found in a significant number (>50%) of cases of influenza in Oaxaca. Timely detection of coinfections producing increased acuity or severity of disease and treatment of affected patients is urgently needed.
ISSN:1179-7282
1179-7282
DOI:10.2147/RRTM.S144075