The clinical application value of multi-site mNGS detection of patients with sepsis in intensive care units

• Published in: BMC infectious diseases 2024-09, Vol.24 (1), p.920-10, Article 920
• Main Authors: Pan, Ting-Jun, Luo, Wei-Wen, Zhang, Song-Sheng, Xie, Jie-Yao, Xu, Zhou, Zhong, Ying-Yu, Zou, Xiao-Fen, Gong, Hui-Juan, Ye, Mei-Ling
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Bacteria - classification; Bacteria - genetics; Bacteria - isolation & purification; Bacterial pneumonia; Body fluids; Bronchus; Cerebrospinal fluid; Conventional method test; Diagnose; Diagnosis; DNA sequencing; Dyspnea; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Evaluation; Female; Genetic aspects; Genomes; Gram-negative bacteria; Health aspects; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Hospitals; Humans; Hypertension; Intensive care; Intensive Care Units; Klebsiella; Lavage; Length of stay; Male; Metagenomic next-generation sequencing; Metagenomics; Metagenomics - methods; Methods; Middle Aged; Mortality; Next-generation sequencing; Nucleotide sequencing; Pathogens; Patients; Peripheral blood; Pneumonia; Respiration; Retrospective Studies; Sepsis; Sepsis - diagnosis; Sepsis - microbiology; Software; Statistical analysis; Streptococcus infections; Therapeutic applications; Tomography; Tuberculosis
• ISSN: 1471-2334; 1471-2334
• DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09822-y

Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units, and rapid and accurate pathogen detection is crucial for effective treatment. This study evaluated the clinical application of multi-site metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for the diagnosis of sepsis, comparing its performance against conventional methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 69 patients with sepsis consecutively admitted to the Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital. Samples of peripheral blood and infection sites were collected for mNGS and conventional method tests to compare the positive rate of mNGS and traditional pathogen detection methods and the distribution of pathogens. The methods used in this study included a comprehensive analysis of pathogen consistency between peripheral blood and infection site samples. Additionally, the correlation between the pathogens detected and clinical outcomes was investigated. Of the patients with sepsis, 57.97% experienced dyspnea, and 65.2% had underlying diseases, with hypertension being the most common. mNGS demonstrated a significantly higher pathogen detection rate (88%) compared to the conventional method tests (26%). The pathogen consistency rate was 60% between plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples, and that of plasma and local body fluid samples was 63%. The most frequently detected pathogens were gram-negative bacteria, and Klebsiella pneumonia. There were no significant differences in the clinical features between the pathogens. mNGS is significantly superior to conventional methods in pathogen detection. There was a notable high pathogen consistency detection between blood and local body fluid samples, supporting the clinical relevance of mNGS. This study highlights the superiority of mNGS in detecting a broad spectrum of pathogens quickly and accurately. Not applicable.