Abortions in an organized dairy farm from North India reveal the possibility of breed susceptibility to Bovine Brucellosis

• Published in: One health 2018-06, Vol.5, p.1-5
• Main Authors: Mittal, Mitesh, Sharma, Vikas, Nehra, Kapil, Chakravarti, Soumendu, Kundu, Krishnendu, Bansal, V.K., Churamani, C.P., Kumar, Anil
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bovine brucellosis; Breed susceptibility; Brucella abortus strain 19 (S19) live vaccine; bscp31 gene PCR; Research Paper; Serum tube agglutination test; Vaccination failure
• ISSN: 2352-7714; 2352-7714
• DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.11.001

The present study was undertaken over a three year period (2012–2014) in an organized dairy farm located in North India to ascertain Brucella abortus as the putative cause of abortion. The dairy farm maintained cattle of Frieswal, Crossbred and Sahiwal breeds and followed calf-hood vaccination with Brucella abortus Strain 19 live vaccine in all the heifers. Even with the recommended vaccination schedule and good managemental practices in place, 88 cases of abortions clinically suspected of bovine brucellosis (40 from Frieswal breed, 17 from Crossbred cattle and 31 from Sahiwal breed) were reported from this farm. From these abortion cases, bacteriological isolation was possible in only four dams while 16 dams were found to be serologically positive in Serum Tube Agglutination Test (STAT). Molecular screening by PCR assay (specific for the bcsp31 gene of B. abortus) revealed that 24 dams were positive, out of which 20 were from Frieswal breed and rest four were from Crossbred herd. Prominently, all Sahiwal dams were found to be negative in bacteriological isolation and also in PCR assay. These results thus indicate towards the possibility of breed predisposition to abortions due to B. abortus infection. Statistical analysis by Fischer exact test (p