Isolated hepatitis B core antibody positive among vaccinated cohort in Malaysia

Hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) are detected in almost every patient with previous exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, with this marker alone, one cannot understand the activity of the disease; therefore, this study aimed to identify the implication of isolated hepatitis B core anti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Annals of Saudi medicine 2013-11, Vol.33 (6), p.591-594
Main Authors: Hudu, Shuaibu Abdullahi, Malik, Yasmin A, Niazlin, Mohd Taib, Harmal, Nabil Saad, Alshrari, Ahmed Subeh, Sekawi, Zamberi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Cohort Studies
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Viral - blood
Drug dosages
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Ethics
Female
Health sciences
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B Antibodies - blood
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens - immunology
Hepatitis B Vaccines - administration & dosage
Hepatitis B Vaccines - immunology
Hepatitis B, Chronic - diagnosis
Hepatitis B, Chronic - immunology
Humans
Immunization, Secondary
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Laboratories
Malaysia
Male
Medical research
Original
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Prospective Studies
Students
Universities
Vaccines
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Summary:Hepatitis B core antibodies (anti-HBc) are detected in almost every patient with previous exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, with this marker alone, one cannot understand the activity of the disease; therefore, this study aimed to identify the implication of isolated hepatitis B core antibody and evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine booster in isolated anti-HBc among adults who received the HBV vaccine as infants. A prospective cohort study of vaccinated undergraduate students of University Putra Malaysia. A total of 408 undergraduate students who received infant hepatitis B vaccination volunteered for this study; 5 mL of venous blood was taken from the volunteers. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and core antibodies were tested using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit according to the manufacturer's instructions (DRG international Inc., USA). Molecular detection of hepatitis B viral DNA was performed using nested polymerase chain reaction. The prevalence of isolated anti-HBc among the vaccinated cohort was found to be 5.0%, out of which 80% had a hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs) titer higher than 10 IU/L, while 20% had less than 10 IU/L anti-HBs titer. All the anti-HBc positivesubjects had detectable hepatitis B viral DNA in their serum. Anamnestic response was found to be 100% among isolated anti-HBc with negative antibody. Isolated anti-HBc developed protective levels of anti-HBs after a single dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccination. HBV DNA was detected in all isolated anti-HBc indicating occult chronic HBV infection with undetectable HBsAg.
ISSN:0256-4947
0975-4466
DOI:10.5144/0256-4947.2013.591