Level of JMP ladders for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services among healthcare facilities of Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia: An implication of healthcare-associated infection prevention status

• Published in: Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development sanitation, and hygiene for development, 2023-06, Vol.13 (6), p.415-423
• Main Authors: Girmay, Aderajew Mekonnen, Kenea, Moa Abate, Mengesha, Sisay Derso, Wagari, Bedasa, Weldetinsae, Abel, Alemu, Zinabu Assefa, Dinssa, Daniel Abera, Weldegebriel, Mesaye Getachew, Serte, Melaku Gizaw, Alemayehu, Tsigereda Assefa, Teklu, Kirubel Tesfaye, Adugna, Ermias Alemayehu, Gobena, Waktole, Fikresilassie, Getinet, Tessema, Masresha, Tollera, Getachew
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chi-square test; Cleaning; Coliforms; Drinking water; E coli; Faecal coliforms; FDA approval; Fecal coliforms; Global positioning systems; GPS; Health care; Health care facilities; Health facilities; Health services; healthcare; healthcare-associated infection; Hygiene; Infections; jmp ladders; Ladders; Mortality; Open data; Public health; Questionnaires; Response rates; Sample size; Sanitation; Sanitation services; Sepsis; Statistical methods; Storage facilities; Sustainable development; Sustainable Development Goals; wash; Waste disposal; Water analysis; Water quality; Water sampling; Water storage
• ISSN: 2043-9083; 2408-9362
• DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2023.230

This study aimed to assess the level of JMP ladders for WASH services. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Forty-four healthcare facilities were enrolled. From each healthcare facility, water samples were collected directly from water storage facilities. In addition to the interview, an observational checklist was used. Descriptive statistics and a chi-square test were conducted to analyze the data. The coverage of advanced and basic drinking water services in healthcare facilities was 4.6 and 70.4%, respectively. However, the healthcare facilities’ access to advanced and basic sanitation services was nil. Similarly, 61.4 and 88.6% of the healthcare facilities had no hygiene and waste disposal services, respectively. While 2.6, 4.5, and 75% of healthcare facilities had advanced, basic, and limited environmental cleaning services, 18.2% lacked environmental cleaning services. Water samples of 15.9, 11.4, and 6.8% of the healthcare facilities were found positive for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and E. coli, respectively. The WASH services of the healthcare facilities were very low and not on track to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal target. Healthcare facilities could be sources of healthcare-associated infections. Hence, the government and other concerned bodies should take urgent action to improve WASH services.