Decreased Serum Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Its Strong Correlation with Lipoprotein Subfractions

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2023-10, Vol.24 (20), p.15308
• Main Authors: Juhász, Lilla, Lőrincz, Hajnalka, Szentpéteri, Anita, Tóth, Nóra, Varga, Éva, Paragh, György, Harangi, Mariann
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antilipemic agents; Apolipoproteins; Atherosclerosis; Blood cholesterol; Chemokines; Cholesterol; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; familial hypercholesterolemia; Genetic aspects; High density lipoprotein; Hypercholesterolemia; Hyperlipidemia; Ischemia; large low-density lipoprotein; Ligands; Lipoproteins; Low density lipoproteins; Males; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; oxidized low-density lipoprotein; Physiological aspects; Smooth muscle; stromal cell-derived factor-1; Triglycerides; vascular repair; very low-density lipoprotein
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015308

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a chemokine that exerts multifaceted roles in atherosclerosis. However, its association with hyperlipidemia is contradictory. To date, serum SDF-1 and its correlations with lipid fractions and subfractions in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) have not been investigated. Eighty-one untreated patients with HeFH and 32 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. Serum SDF-1, oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined by ELISA. Lipoprotein subfractions were detected by Lipoprint. We diagnosed FH using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. Significantly lower serum SDF-1 was found in HeFH patients compared to healthy controls. Significant negative correlations were detected between serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) and SDF-1. Furthermore, serum SDF-1 negatively correlated with VLDL and IDL, as well as large LDL and large and intermediate HDL subfractions, while there was a positive correlation between mean LDL-size, small HDL and SDF-1. SDF-1 negatively correlated with oxLDL and MPO. A backward stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the best predictors of serum SDF-1 were VLDL and oxLDL. The strong correlation of SDF-1 with lipid fractions and subfractions highlights the potential common pathways of SDF-1 and lipoprotein metabolism, which supports the role of SDF-1 in atherogenesis.