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Estimating and evaluating usual total fat and fatty acid intake in the Korean population using data from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: a cross-sectional study
Objectives: This study evaluated usual dietary intakes of total fat and fatty acids among the Korean population based on the revised Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2020 (2020 KDRIs). Methods: This study utilized data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHA...
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Published in: | Korean journal of community nutrition 2023-10, Vol.28 (5), p.414-422 |
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description | Objectives: This study evaluated usual dietary intakes of total fat and fatty acids among the Korean population based on the revised Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2020 (2020 KDRIs). Methods: This study utilized data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2019–2021). We included 18,895 individuals aged 1 year and above whose 1-day 24-hour dietary recall data were available. To calculate the external variability using the National Cancer Institute 1-day method, data from the U.S. NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-pandemic dataset were employed. The total fat and fatty acid intake were evaluated based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) and Adequate intake (AI) of 2020 KDRIs for each sex and age groups. Results: Approximately 86% of the Korean population obtained an adequate amount of energy from total fat consumption (within the AMDRs), indicating an appropriate level of intake. However, the percentage of individuals consuming saturated fatty acids below the AMDR was low, with only 12% among those under 19 years of age and 52% aged 19 years and older. On a positive note, approximately 70% of the population showed adequate consumption of essential fatty acids, exceeding the AI. Nevertheless, monitoring the intake ratio of omega 3 (n-3) to omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids is essential to ensure an optimum balance. Conclusions: This study explored the possibility of estimating the distribution of nutrient intake in a population by applying the external variability ratio. Therefore, if future KNHANES conduct multiple 24-hour recalls every few years-similar to the U.S. NHANES-even for a subset of participants, this may aid in the accurate assessment of the nutritional status of the population. |
doi_str_mv | 10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.5.414 |
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Methods: This study utilized data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2019–2021). We included 18,895 individuals aged 1 year and above whose 1-day 24-hour dietary recall data were available. To calculate the external variability using the National Cancer Institute 1-day method, data from the U.S. NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-pandemic dataset were employed. The total fat and fatty acid intake were evaluated based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) and Adequate intake (AI) of 2020 KDRIs for each sex and age groups. Results: Approximately 86% of the Korean population obtained an adequate amount of energy from total fat consumption (within the AMDRs), indicating an appropriate level of intake. However, the percentage of individuals consuming saturated fatty acids below the AMDR was low, with only 12% among those under 19 years of age and 52% aged 19 years and older. On a positive note, approximately 70% of the population showed adequate consumption of essential fatty acids, exceeding the AI. Nevertheless, monitoring the intake ratio of omega 3 (n-3) to omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids is essential to ensure an optimum balance. Conclusions: This study explored the possibility of estimating the distribution of nutrient intake in a population by applying the external variability ratio. Therefore, if future KNHANES conduct multiple 24-hour recalls every few years-similar to the U.S. NHANES-even for a subset of participants, this may aid in the accurate assessment of the nutritional status of the population.</description><identifier>EISSN: 2951-3146</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.5.414</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>The Korean Society of Community Nutrition</publisher><subject>dietary fatty acid ; knhanes ; usual intake distribution ; within-individual variation</subject><ispartof>Korean journal of community nutrition, 2023-10, Vol.28 (5), p.414-422</ispartof><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c1594-346ed3d8203e15fbad3e88006ab4311ae35e85b88cb76fb6b3d78ccbdd46828c3</citedby><orcidid>0009-0002-6219-9978 ; 0000-0003-1892-8985</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,864,2102,27924,27925</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Gyeong-yoon Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong Woo Kim</creatorcontrib><title>Estimating and evaluating usual total fat and fatty acid intake in the Korean population using data from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: a cross-sectional study</title><title>Korean journal of community nutrition</title><description>Objectives: This study evaluated usual dietary intakes of total fat and fatty acids among the Korean population based on the revised Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2020 (2020 KDRIs). Methods: This study utilized data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2019–2021). We included 18,895 individuals aged 1 year and above whose 1-day 24-hour dietary recall data were available. To calculate the external variability using the National Cancer Institute 1-day method, data from the U.S. NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-pandemic dataset were employed. The total fat and fatty acid intake were evaluated based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) and Adequate intake (AI) of 2020 KDRIs for each sex and age groups. Results: Approximately 86% of the Korean population obtained an adequate amount of energy from total fat consumption (within the AMDRs), indicating an appropriate level of intake. However, the percentage of individuals consuming saturated fatty acids below the AMDR was low, with only 12% among those under 19 years of age and 52% aged 19 years and older. On a positive note, approximately 70% of the population showed adequate consumption of essential fatty acids, exceeding the AI. Nevertheless, monitoring the intake ratio of omega 3 (n-3) to omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids is essential to ensure an optimum balance. Conclusions: This study explored the possibility of estimating the distribution of nutrient intake in a population by applying the external variability ratio. Therefore, if future KNHANES conduct multiple 24-hour recalls every few years-similar to the U.S. NHANES-even for a subset of participants, this may aid in the accurate assessment of the nutritional status of the population.</description><subject>dietary fatty acid</subject><subject>knhanes</subject><subject>usual intake distribution</subject><subject>within-individual variation</subject><issn>2951-3146</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNotUEtOwzAQjZCQqEovwMoXSPAvicMOVeUjqrIA1tH4kzZtGle2g-iOO3AqrsFJMCmbeZqZ9xlNklwRnOUlxde7reoziinLqMjyjBN-lkxolZOUEV5cJDPvtxhjWlFainySfC98aPcQ2n6NoNfIvEM3nNrBD9ChYEOsDYRxHTEcEahWo7YPsDMRUNgY9GSdgR4d7GHootz2Uf5noiEAapzdjyyKSfXz-RXvIycFWo3kmPBgoAubMWQ1BNeOHosP2Lf9ye9lcO_m6G8QIOWs96k36l_rw6CPl8l5A503s3-cJm93i9f5Q7p8vn-c3y5TRfKKp4wXRjMtKGaG5I0EzYwQGBcgOSMEDMuNyKUQSpZFIwvJdCmUklrzQlCh2DR5PPlqC9v64OL33LG20NbjwLp1DS60qjN1w0vQRsZnE84LgAqE0IxBWeFCEqnZLxeqitM</recordid><startdate>20231001</startdate><enddate>20231001</enddate><creator>Gyeong-yoon Lee</creator><creator>Dong Woo Kim</creator><general>The Korean Society of Community Nutrition</general><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6219-9978</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-8985</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20231001</creationdate><title>Estimating and evaluating usual total fat and fatty acid intake in the Korean population using data from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: a cross-sectional study</title><author>Gyeong-yoon Lee ; Dong Woo Kim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c1594-346ed3d8203e15fbad3e88006ab4311ae35e85b88cb76fb6b3d78ccbdd46828c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>dietary fatty acid</topic><topic>knhanes</topic><topic>usual intake distribution</topic><topic>within-individual variation</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Gyeong-yoon Lee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dong Woo Kim</creatorcontrib><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Korean journal of community nutrition</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Gyeong-yoon Lee</au><au>Dong Woo Kim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estimating and evaluating usual total fat and fatty acid intake in the Korean population using data from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: a cross-sectional study</atitle><jtitle>Korean journal of community nutrition</jtitle><date>2023-10-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>414</spage><epage>422</epage><pages>414-422</pages><eissn>2951-3146</eissn><abstract>Objectives: This study evaluated usual dietary intakes of total fat and fatty acids among the Korean population based on the revised Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans 2020 (2020 KDRIs). Methods: This study utilized data from the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2019–2021). We included 18,895 individuals aged 1 year and above whose 1-day 24-hour dietary recall data were available. To calculate the external variability using the National Cancer Institute 1-day method, data from the U.S. NHANES 2017-March 2020 Pre-pandemic dataset were employed. The total fat and fatty acid intake were evaluated based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs) and Adequate intake (AI) of 2020 KDRIs for each sex and age groups. Results: Approximately 86% of the Korean population obtained an adequate amount of energy from total fat consumption (within the AMDRs), indicating an appropriate level of intake. However, the percentage of individuals consuming saturated fatty acids below the AMDR was low, with only 12% among those under 19 years of age and 52% aged 19 years and older. On a positive note, approximately 70% of the population showed adequate consumption of essential fatty acids, exceeding the AI. Nevertheless, monitoring the intake ratio of omega 3 (n-3) to omega 6 (n-6) fatty acids is essential to ensure an optimum balance. Conclusions: This study explored the possibility of estimating the distribution of nutrient intake in a population by applying the external variability ratio. Therefore, if future KNHANES conduct multiple 24-hour recalls every few years-similar to the U.S. NHANES-even for a subset of participants, this may aid in the accurate assessment of the nutritional status of the population.</abstract><pub>The Korean Society of Community Nutrition</pub><doi>10.5720/kjcn.2023.28.5.414</doi><tpages>9</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6219-9978</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-8985</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | dietary fatty acid knhanes usual intake distribution within-individual variation |
title | Estimating and evaluating usual total fat and fatty acid intake in the Korean population using data from the 2019–2021 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys: a cross-sectional study |
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