Cooling characteristics of a lithium‐ion battery module based on flat aluminum heat pipe by considering thermal radiation

• Published in: Energy science & engineering 2023-06, Vol.11 (6), p.1858-1874
• Main Authors: Liu, Feifei, Bao, Rongqing, Cheng, Xianfu, Qin, Wu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aluminum; Convection; Convection cooling; Cooling; cooling characteristics; electric vehicle; Energy consumption; Enthalpy; Fins; flat aluminum heat pipe; Free convection; Heat conductivity; Heat pipes; Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficients; High temperature; Investigations; Lithium; Lithium-ion batteries; lithium‐ion battery; Metal plates; Modules; Radiation; Rechargeable batteries; Simulation; Temperature gradients; Thermal analysis; thermal management; Thermal radiation; Three dimensional models
• ISSN: 2050-0505; 2050-0505
• DOI: 10.1002/ese3.1418

Aiming at the thermal safety and inconsistency caused by the high temperature of lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) battery, a cooling structure embedded with a flat aluminum heat pipe (FAHP) for a Li‐ion battery module is proposed. The three‐dimensional thermal model of the FAHP module is established by considering regionalized thermal radiation. The thermal characteristics of the module are compared with four progressive cooling schemes, and the temperature performance affected by different convection (hconv) and radiation (hrad) heat transfer coefficients are analyzed. Results show that, the thermal model with the thermal radiation is more precise than that without the thermal radiation under the natural convection. Adding FAHPs can effectively reduce the maximum temperature (Tmax) and the maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax,pack) of the FAHP module. Especially adding FAHPs with fins, even at 3C discharging, the average cooling performance can be improved by 33.3%, 25.0%, and 14.4% than that of natural convection, aluminum plates sandwiched between cells and FAHPs with no fins, respectively. Meanwhile, the decrease in rates of Tmax and ΔTmax,pack are gradually increasing with the increasing of hrad, but decreased with the increasing of hconv. When 5 W·m−2·K−1 ≤ hconv ≤ 35 W·m−2·K−1, the average ratio of radiation heat dissipation to total heat dissipation (η) is 35.7%, but when hconv > 55 W·m−2·K−1, η is less than 1.5%. Aiming at the thermal safety and inconsistency caused by the high temperature of lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) battery, a cooling structure embedded with a flat aluminum heat pipe (FAHP) for a Li‐ion battery module is proposed. By considering regionalized thermal radiation, the three‐dimensional thermal model of the FAHP module is established. The thermal characteristics of the module are compared with four progressive cooling schemes, and the temperature performance affected by different convection and radiation heat transfer coefficients is analyzed, which can provide some reference for the application of heat pipes in battery thermal management system for electric vehicles.