Clinical profile and immediate outcome of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19: A multicentric study

• Published in: Journal of global infectious diseases 2021-10, Vol.13 (4), p.159-163
• Main Authors: Sethy, Geetanjali, Mishra, Bibhudatta, Jain, Mukesh, Patnaik, Sibabratta, Mishra, Reshmi, Behera, Jyoti, Sahoo, Bandya, Behera, Narendra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Coronaviruses; covid antibody; COVID-19; Immunotherapy; inflammation; Mortality; multisystem; Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children; Observational studies; Original; Severe acute respiratory syndrome
• ISSN: 0974-777X; 0974-8245
• DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_85_21

Introduction: Following an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic coronavirus disease (COVID-19), otherwise healthy children may develop serious manifestations in the form of cardiac, neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic dysfunction. Many such cases were being observed in Odisha, an eastern state of India, and have been reported from different health-care facilities. We related these unexplained serious manifestations to multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C) and planned this study. Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out at the following three tertiary care centers: Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar; MKCG Medical College, Berhampur; and Jagannath Hospital, Bhubaneswar. The study population included all children aged from 1 month to 18 years admitted to the hospitals with MIS-C according to the WHO diagnostic criteria. All the data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: A total of 21 children were included in our study. Majority of the cases were male (76.2%), and the predominant age group was 6-10 years (47.6%). Common symptoms and signs in our observation included fever, pain abdomen, seizure, and hypotension. Most of these cases were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody (80.95%). Response to immunotherapy was dramatic. Mortality (9%) of our study was higher than 1.8%-3% from that of Western literature. None of our patients had coronary abnormality, while two patients had mild cardiac dysfunction at discharge comparable to that of other studies. Conclusion: MIS-C following exposure to COVID-19 infection in children is a clinical syndrome, which needs early suspicion and appropriate intervention to prevent mortality.