Intrinsic Variability in the Degradation of a Batch of Commercial 18650 Lithium-Ion Cells

The use of lithium batteries for power and energy-hungry applications has risen drastically in recent years. For such applications, it is necessary to connect the batteries in large assemblies of cells in series and parallel. With a large number of cells operating together, it is necessary to unders...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2018, Vol.11 (5), p.1031
Main Authors: Devie, Arnaud, Baure, George, Dubarry, Matthieu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Batteries
cell screening
cell-to-cell variations
Degradation
Electric cells
intrinsic variability
Lithium
Lithium batteries
Lithium-ion batteries
lithium-ion battery degradation
Variation
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Summary:The use of lithium batteries for power and energy-hungry applications has risen drastically in recent years. For such applications, it is necessary to connect the batteries in large assemblies of cells in series and parallel. With a large number of cells operating together, it is necessary to understand their intrinsic variabilities, not only at the initial stage but also upon aging. In this study, we studied a batch of commercial cells to address their initial cell-to-cell variations and also the variations induced by cycling. To do so, we not only tracked several metrics associated with cell performance, the maximum capacity, the resistance, and the rate capability but also the degradation mechanism via a non-invasive quantification of the loss of lithium inventory (LLI), the loss of active material (LAM) and the kinetic degradation on both electrodes. We found that, even with small initial cell-to-cell variations, significant variations will be observed upon aging because the cells degrade at a different pace. We also observed that these variations were not correlated with the initial variations.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en11051031