Viroids as Companions of a Professional Career

Since the early 1970s when "virus-like" agents were considered as the cause of two diseases (potato spindle tuber and citrus exocortis), their study and further characterization have been linked to the development and use of molecular biology tools. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Viruses 2019-03, Vol.11 (3), p.245
Main Author: Duran-Vila, Núria
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Centrifugation
Citrus - virology
Citrus fruits
Cooperation approaches
Crop diseases
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Ethidium bromide
Flowers & plants
Gel electrophoresis
History, 20th Century
Infections
Molecular weight
Plant diseases
Plant Diseases - history
Plant Diseases - virology
Polyacrylamide
Protein structure
RNA, Viral
Silver nitrate
Solanum tuberosum - virology
Symptom expression
Tertiary structure
Tissue Culture Techniques
Viroid diseases
Viroids
Viroids - genetics
Viroids - isolation & purification
Viroids - pathogenicity
Virology - methods
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Summary:Since the early 1970s when "virus-like" agents were considered as the cause of two diseases (potato spindle tuber and citrus exocortis), their study and further characterization have been linked to the development and use of molecular biology tools. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) played a critical role in the pioneering studies of PSTVd and citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd). This was later modified by using other PAGEs (sequential PAGE, return PAGE, two-dimensional PAGE), and/or different staining methods (ethidium bromide, silver nitrate, etc.). Since then, disease-causing agents suspected to be viroids were usually subjected to a number of tests to define their: (i) Molecular nature (RNA or DNA; single stranded or double stranded; circular or linear RNA); (ii) molecular weight; (iii) secondary and tertiary structure. Further biological assays are also essential to establish the relationship of a viroid with plant disease and to fulfill Koch's postulates.
ISSN:1999-4915
1999-4915
DOI:10.3390/v11030245