Chiral Organophosphorus Pharmaceuticals: Properties and Application

This review considers the chiral phosphorus-containing drugs used to treat patients in the clinic, as well as the promising and experimental drugs that are in the process of being researched. Natural and synthetic representatives of phosphorus-containing drugs, such as tenofovir (hepatitis B and HIV...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Symmetry (Basel) 2023-08, Vol.15 (8), p.1550
Main Authors: Kolodiazhna, Anastasy O, Kolodiazhnyi, Oleg I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
AIDS treatment
Antibacterial agents
Antibiotics
Antifungal agents
Bacteria
bisphosphonates
Carcinogenicity
Carcinogens
Care and treatment
chiral phosphorus compounds
Chirality
Drugs
Enantiomers
Enzymes
Federal regulation
Fosinopril
Fungicides
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria
Hepatitis
Hepatitis B
Herbicides
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Insecticides
Molecular weight
natural pharmaceuticals synthetic phosphorus drugs
Peptides
Pharmaceutical industry
phosphonopeptides
phosphonosulfonates
Phosphorus
prodrugs
Teratogenicity
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Summary:This review considers the chiral phosphorus-containing drugs used to treat patients in the clinic, as well as the promising and experimental drugs that are in the process of being researched. Natural and synthetic representatives of phosphorus-containing drugs, such as tenofovir (hepatitis B and HIV treatment), fosfomycin (antibiotic), valinofos (antibiotic), phosphazinomycin A (antibiotic), (R)-phospholeucine, various antibacterial and antifungal agents, renin inhibitors, etc., have found practical applications as medicines and bioregulators and other medicines. The influence of the chirality of both carbon atoms and phosphorus atoms on the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties of phosphorus drugs has been demonstrated. Therefore, the choice of enantiomers is critical since the wrong choice of a chiral drug can lead to undesirable consequences, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. New chiral technologies affecting drug development are discussed, such as the “chiral switch” of racemates already on the market, as well as phosphorus-containing prodrugs with a higher biological selectivity and low adverse effects.
ISSN:2073-8994
2073-8994
DOI:10.3390/sym15081550