Elasticity and cross-sectional thickness of paraspinal muscles in progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

• Published in: Frontiers in pediatrics 2024-03, Vol.12, p.1323756-1323756
• Main Authors: Fan, Yunli, Zheng, Haiping, Feng, Lin, To, Michael K T, Kuang, Guan-Ming, Yeung, Eric H K, Cheung, Kenneth M C, Liu, Li, Cheung, Jason P Y
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; cross-sectional thickness; curve progression; elasticity; Pediatrics; shear wave speed
• ISSN: 2296-2360; 2296-2360
• DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1323756

(1) Compare the cross-sectional thickness (CST) and shear wave speed (SWS) of paraspinal muscles (PSM) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with and without curve progression; (2) investigate the relationship between CST/SWS and radiographic characteristics in AIS with curve progression; (3) compare the CST/SWS between AIS and non-scoliosis controls. This cross-sectional study analyzed the CST and SWS of PSM in 48 AIS with mild to moderate curvature and 24 non-scoliosis participants. Participants with scoliosis greater than 45° of Cobb angles were excluded. The Change of Cobb angles within the last 6-months was retrieved to allocate AIS into progression and non-progression groups. The SWS and CST of multifidus; longissimus and iliocostalis of the major curve were measured using B-mode ultrasound image with an elastography mode. Discrepancies of the SWS (SWS-ratio: SWS on the convex side divided by SWS on the concave side) and CST (CST-ratio: CST on the convex side divided by CST on the concave side) at the upper/lower end and apical vertebrae were studied. A higher SWS at the apical vertebrae on the concave side of the major curve (multifidus: 3.9 ± 1.0 m/s vs. 3.1 ± 0.6 m/s;