Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog D as a Modulating Component of Oxidative Response under Ammonium Toxicity

Delayed growth, a visible phenotypic component of the so-called ammonium syndrome, occurs when ammonium is the sole inorganic nitrogen source. Previously, we have shown that modification of apoplastic reactive oxygen species (apROS) metabolism is a key factor contributing to plant growth retardation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2022-04, Vol.11 (4), p.703
Main Authors: Burian, Maria, Podgórska, Anna, Ostaszewska-Bugajska, Monika, Szal, Bożena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ammonium
ammonium syndrome
apoplastic antioxidants
apoplastic reactive oxygen species metabolism
Enzymes
Growth rate
growth retardation
Hydrogen peroxide
Kinases
Metabolism
Nitrates
Nitrogen
Pathogens
Physiology
Plant growth
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Respiratory burst oxidase
respiratory burst oxidase homolog
Seeds
Signal transduction
Toxicity
Transgenic plants
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Summary:Delayed growth, a visible phenotypic component of the so-called ammonium syndrome, occurs when ammonium is the sole inorganic nitrogen source. Previously, we have shown that modification of apoplastic reactive oxygen species (apROS) metabolism is a key factor contributing to plant growth retardation under ammonium nutrition. Here, we further analyzed the changes in apROS metabolism in transgenic plants with disruption of the D isoform of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) that is responsible for apROS production. Ammonium-grown plants are characterized by up to 50% lower contents of apoplastic superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. apROS sensing markers such as OZF1 and AIR12 were downregulated, and the ROS-responsive signaling pathway, including MPK3, was also downregulated in plants cultivated using ammonium as the sole nitrogen source. Additionally, the expression of the cell-wall-integrity marker FER and peroxidases 33 and 34 was decreased. These modifications may contribute to phenomenon wherein ammonium inhibited the growth of transgenic plants to a greater extent than that of wild-type plants. Overall, this study indicated that due to disruption of apROS metabolism, plants cannot adjust to ammonium toxicity and are more sensitive to these conditions.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox11040703