Role of Autoimmune Responses in Periodontal Disease

Periodontal diseases are characterized by localized infections and inflammatory conditions that directly affect teeth supporting structures which are the major cause of tooth loss. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontal disease. Evidences of involvem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Autoimmune Diseases 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.197-203
Main Authors: Nair, Soumya, Faizuddin, Mohamed, Dharmapalan, Jayanthi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigen presentation
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
Autoantibodies
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmunity
Bacterial infections
Clinical trials
Collagen
Dental plaque
Development and progression
Fibroblasts
Genetic factors
Gum disease
Health aspects
Heat shock proteins
Immune response
Immune system
Inflammation
Lupus
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Natural killer cells
Observations
Pathogenesis
Periodontal disease
Periodontal diseases
Review
Rheumatoid arthritis
Teeth
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Summary:Periodontal diseases are characterized by localized infections and inflammatory conditions that directly affect teeth supporting structures which are the major cause of tooth loss. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontal disease. Evidences of involvement of immunopathology have been reported in periodontal disease. Bacteria in the dental plaque induce antibody formation. Autoreactive T cells, natural killer cells, ANCA, heat shock proteins, autoantibodies, and genetic factors are reported to have an important role in the autoimmune component of periodontal disease. The present review describes the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontal diseases and also the mechanisms underlying these responses. This review is an attempt to throw light on the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease highlighting the autoimmunity aspect of the etiopathogenesis involved in the initiation and progression of the disease. However, further clinical trials are required to strengthen the role of autoimmunity as a cause of periodontal disease.
ISSN:2090-0430
2090-0422
2090-0430
DOI:10.1155/2014/596824