From Initiators to Effectors: Roadmap Through the Intestine During Encounter of Toxoplasma gondii With the Mucosal Immune System

The gastrointestinal tract is a major portal of entry for many pathogens, including the protozoan parasite . Billions of people worldwide have acquired at some point in their life, and for the vast majority this has led to latent infection in the central nervous system. The first line of host defens...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology 2021-01, Vol.10, p.614701-614701
Main Authors: Snyder, Lindsay M, Denkers, Eric Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
adaptive immunity
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
immunopathology
innate immunity
mucosal immunity
protective immunity
Toxoplasma gondii
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Summary:The gastrointestinal tract is a major portal of entry for many pathogens, including the protozoan parasite . Billions of people worldwide have acquired at some point in their life, and for the vast majority this has led to latent infection in the central nervous system. The first line of host defense against is located within the intestinal mucosa. Appropriate coordination of responses by the intestinal epithelium, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and lamina propria cells results in an inflammatory response that controls acute infection. Under some conditions, infection elicits bacterial dysbiosis and immune-mediated tissue damage in the intestine. Here, we discuss the complex interactions between the microbiota, the epithelium, as well as innate and adaptive immune cells in the intestinal mucosa that induce protective immunity, and that sometimes switch to inflammatory pathology as encounters tissues of the gut.
ISSN:2235-2988
2235-2988
DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2020.614701