Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for leptospirosis: Previous shortcomings and future needs

Leptospirosis is a neglected tropical disease that remains potentially life threatening and hard to diagnose. Climate change combined with overlapping reservoir and human habitats will likely lead to increasing incidence, outbreaks, and mortality in the future. Preventative vaccines are either of li...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2024-07, Vol.9 (7), p.1-9
Main Authors: Petersen, Kyle, Maranich, Ashley
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antibiotic
Antibiotics
Asymptomatic
Bacterial diseases
Chemoprevention
chemoprophylaxis
Climatic changes
Diagnosis
Disease prevention
Diseases
Drug dosages
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Floods
Health aspects
human
Infections
Leptospirosis
Military exercises
Mortality
Penicillin
Prevention
Risk factors
Serology
Side effects
Travel
Travelers
Tropical diseases
Typhus
Vaccines
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Summary:Leptospirosis is a neglected tropical disease that remains potentially life threatening and hard to diagnose. Climate change combined with overlapping reservoir and human habitats will likely lead to increasing incidence, outbreaks, and mortality in the future. Preventative vaccines are either of limited scope and availability, or under development. Antibiotic chemoprophylaxis for prevention has been the subject of numerous clinical trials. However, despite 40 years of effort, clinical trials to better define protective efficacy, dosing, and the preferred medication are of poor quality and offer limited evidence. We reviewed the literature and offer critiques of the existing trials as well as potential areas for future exploration that May better define the epidemiology and yield a better evidence base for both travel medicine and public health efforts.
ISSN:2414-6366
2414-6366
DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed9070148