Effects of Isorhamnetin on Diabetes and Its Associated Complications: A Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies and a Post Hoc Transcriptome Analysis of Involved Molecular Pathways

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 (T2DM), is a major public health problem globally. DM is characterized by high levels of glycemia and insulinemia due to impaired insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity of the cells, known as insulin resistance. T2DM causes multiple and severe complications su...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-01, Vol.23 (2), p.704
Main Authors: Kalai, Feten Zar, Boulaaba, Mondher, Ferdousi, Farhana, Isoda, Hiroko
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Animals
Antioxidants
biological activities
Biosynthesis
Blood glucose
Cancer
Chloroplasts
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Environmental conditions
Enzymes
Flavonoids
Gene Expression Profiling
Genomes
Humans
Hydrocarbons
In vivo methods and tests
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Insulin secretion
isorhamnetin
Lipid Metabolism
Lipids
Metabolism
Metabolites
microarray
molecular pathways
Nephropathy
Oxidative Stress
Pancreas
Physiology
Plant extracts
Polyphenols
Public health
quercetin
Quercetin - analogs & derivatives
Quercetin - pharmacology
Quercetin - therapeutic use
Retinopathy
Review
Salinity
Stem cells
Transcriptomes
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Summary:Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 (T2DM), is a major public health problem globally. DM is characterized by high levels of glycemia and insulinemia due to impaired insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity of the cells, known as insulin resistance. T2DM causes multiple and severe complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy causing cell oxidative damages in different internal tissues, particularly the pancreas, heart, adipose tissue, liver, and kidneys. Plant extracts and their bioactive phytochemicals are gaining interest as new therapeutic and preventive alternatives for T2DM and its associated complications. In this regard, isorhamnetin, a plant flavonoid, has long been studied for its potential anti-diabetic effects. This review describes its impact on reducing diabetes-related disorders by decreasing glucose levels, ameliorating the oxidative status, alleviating inflammation, and modulating lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation by regulating involved signaling pathways reported in the in vitro and in vivo studies. Additionally, we include a post hoc whole-genome transcriptome analysis of biological activities of isorhamnetin using a stem cell-based tool.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23020704