Research Progress on the Development of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccines

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly contagious disease in the pig industry, but its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. The disease is caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), which primarily infects porcine alveolar macrophages and disrupts the immune system. Unfortunate...

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Published in:Veterinary sciences 2023-07, Vol.10 (8), p.491
Main Authors: Zhang, Hang, Luo, Qin, He, Yingxin, Zheng, Yajie, Sha, Huiyang, Li, Gan, Kong, Weili, Liao, Jiedan, Zhao, Mengmeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
advantages and disadvantages
Alveoli
Animal diseases
Antibodies
applicability
Combined vaccines
Communicable diseases
Cross-protection
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Disease
DNA
DNA vaccines
DNA viruses
Fetuses
Gene deletion
Genetic vectors
Genomes
Hogs
Immune system
Infections
International standards
Macrophages
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Peptides
Pharmaceutical industry
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
Pork industry
Prevention
Proteins
R&D
Research & development
research progress
Review
Swine
Vaccination
vaccine
Vaccines
Viral infections
Virus-like particles
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Summary:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a highly contagious disease in the pig industry, but its pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. The disease is caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), which primarily infects porcine alveolar macrophages and disrupts the immune system. Unfortunately, there is no specific drug to cure PRRS, so vaccination is crucial for controlling the disease. There are various types of single and combined vaccines available, including live, inactivated, subunit, DNA, and vector vaccines. Among them, live vaccines provide better protection, but cross-protection is weak. Inactivated vaccines are safe but have poor immune efficacy. Subunit vaccines can be used in the third trimester of pregnancy, and DNA vaccines can enhance the protective effect of live vaccines. However, vector vaccines only confer partial protection and have not been widely used in practice. A PRRS vaccine that meets new-generation international standards is still needed. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the advantages, disadvantages, and applicability of live-attenuated, inactivated, subunit, live vector, DNA, gene-deletion, synthetic peptide, virus-like particle, and other types of vaccines for the prevention and control of PRRS. The aim is to provide a theoretical basis for vaccine research and development.
ISSN:2306-7381
2306-7381
DOI:10.3390/vetsci10080491