Does high body mass index increase the risk of shoulder instability surgery? The LUXE prospective cohort study on 227 recurrent anterior shoulder instability

• Published in: JSES international 2025-01, Vol.9 (1), p.274-282
• Main Authors: Roy, Vincent, Bastard, Claire, Sandman, Emilie, Rousseau-Saine, Alexis, Nault, Marie-Lyne, Rouleau, Dominique M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bankart repair; BMI; Body mass index; Glenoid allograft and reconstruction; Latarjet; Remplissage; Shoulder instability; Shoulder surgery
• ISSN: 2666-6383; 2666-6383
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jseint.2024.12.001

The aim of this study was to determine whether body mass index (BMI) plays a role in overall morbidity following shoulder instability surgery and whether some surgical techniques are BMI-sensitive. A prospective, multicenter database was created that included the following three surgical techniques: arthroscopic Bankart (AB), arthroscopic Bankart with remplissage (ABR), and Open Latarjet (OL). Patient data (demographic, strength, laxity and functional outcomes (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [QuickDASH]; Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index; and QuickDASH Pain subscore) were compared at enrollment and last postoperative follow-up. Functional outcomes, complications, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the different groups and then subdivided by BMI. Follow-up radiographs were evaluated for graft position and complications for all patients who underwent OL. A total of 227 patients (164 men, 63 women) were included with at least 1-year follow-up (3.3y AB (n = 126), 4.5y ABR (n = 34), and 3y OL (n = 62)). At baseline, patients with high BMI (37(17%)) had significantly worse QuickDASH Pain subscores (2.9 ± 1.0, P value