Molecular Mechanisms of Fetal and Neonatal Lupus: A Narrative Review of an Autoimmune Disease Transferal across the Placenta

This study, conducted by searching keywords such as "maternal lupus", "neonatal lupus", and "congenital heart block" in databases including PubMed and Scopus, provides a detailed narrative review on fetal and neonatal lupus. Autoantibodies like anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-05, Vol.25 (10), p.5224
Main Authors: Di Ludovico, Armando, Rinaldi, Marta, Mainieri, Francesca, Di Michele, Stefano, Girlando, Virginia, Ciarelli, Francesca, La Bella, Saverio, Chiarelli, Francesco, Attanasi, Marina, Mauro, Angela, Bizzi, Emanuele, Brucato, Antonio, Breda, Luciana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
Antigens
Apoptosis
Autoantibodies
Autoantibodies - immunology
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmunity
Cell death
Congenital diseases
congenital heart block
Disease
Female
Fetuses
Genetic disorders
Heart
Heart Block - congenital
Heart Block - immunology
Heart Block - therapy
Humans
Hydrops fetalis
Hydroxychloroquine - therapeutic use
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Infant, Newborn
Infants (Newborn)
Lupus
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - congenital
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - immunology
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic - therapy
Maternal-Fetal Exchange
neonatal lupus erythematosus
Newborn babies
Pathogenesis
Placenta
Placenta - immunology
Placenta - metabolism
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications - immunology
Pregnancy Complications - therapy
RNA polymerase
Womens health
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Summary:This study, conducted by searching keywords such as "maternal lupus", "neonatal lupus", and "congenital heart block" in databases including PubMed and Scopus, provides a detailed narrative review on fetal and neonatal lupus. Autoantibodies like anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB may cross the placenta and cause complications in neonates, such as congenital heart block (CHB). Management options involve hydroxychloroquine, which is able to counteract some of the adverse events, although the drug needs to be used carefully because of its impact on the QTc interval. Advanced pacing strategies for neonates with CHB, especially in severe forms like hydrops, are also assessed. This review emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary care by rheumatologists, obstetricians, and pediatricians in order to achieve the best maternal and neonatal health in lupus pregnancies. This multidisciplinary approach seeks to improve the outcomes and management of the disease, decreasing the burden on mothers and their infants.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25105224