Development of a Pneumatic-Driven Fiber-Shaped Robot Scaffold for Use as a Complex 3D Dynamic Culture System

Cells can sense and respond to different kinds of continuous mechanical strain in the human body. Mechanical stimulation needs to be included within the in vitro culture system to better mimic the existing complexity of in vivo biological systems. Existing commercial dynamic culture systems are gene...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-04, Vol.8 (2), p.170
Main Authors: Hoque, Muh Amdadul, Mahmood, Nasif, Ali, Kiran M, Sefat, Eelya, Huang, Yihan, Petersen, Emily, Harrington, Shane, Fang, Xiaomeng, Gluck, Jessica M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D dynamic cell culture
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bladder
Blood vessels
Cell culture
Cell proliferation
Cell viability
cyclic strain
Cytotoxicity
fiber actuators
Homeostasis
Mechanical stimuli
Microenvironments
Molecular weight
Morphology
Pneumatics
Production processes
Robots
Scanning electron microscopy
Smart materials
Stem cells
Tissue engineering
Yarn
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Summary:Cells can sense and respond to different kinds of continuous mechanical strain in the human body. Mechanical stimulation needs to be included within the in vitro culture system to better mimic the existing complexity of in vivo biological systems. Existing commercial dynamic culture systems are generally two-dimensional (2D) which fail to mimic the three-dimensional (3D) native microenvironment. In this study, a pneumatically driven fiber robot has been developed as a platform for 3D dynamic cell culture. The fiber robot can generate tunable contractions upon stimulation. The surface of the fiber robot is formed by a braiding structure, which provides promising surface contact and adequate space for cell culture. An in-house dynamic stimulation using the fiber robot was set up to maintain NIH3T3 cells in a controlled environment. The biocompatibility of the developed dynamic culture systems was analyzed using LIVE/DEAD™ and alamarBlue™ assays. The results showed that the dynamic culture system was able to support cell proliferation with minimal cytotoxicity similar to static cultures. However, we observed a decrease in cell viability in the case of a high strain rate in dynamic cultures. Differences in cell arrangement and proliferation were observed between braided sleeves made of different materials (nylon and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene). In summary, a simple and cost-effective 3D dynamic culture system has been proposed, which can be easily implemented to study complex biological phenomena in vitro.
ISSN:2313-7673
2313-7673
DOI:10.3390/biomimetics8020170