COVID-19 vaccine uptake among young adults: Influence of asthma and sociodemographic factors

• Published in: The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global 2024-05, Vol.3 (2), p.100231-100231, Article 100231
• Main Authors: Ödling, Maria, Andersson, Niklas, Ekström, Sandra, Roxhed, Niclas, Schwenk, Jochen M., Björkander, Sophia, Bergström, Anna, Melén, Erik, Kull, Inger
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: allergic disease; Asthma control; birth cohort; comorbidity; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; population based; SARS-CoV-2; severity; vaccination
• ISSN: 2772-8293; 2772-8293
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100231

Asthma was initially described as a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine among young adults with asthma is not well studied. The aims were to assess COVID-19 vaccine uptake among young adults in general and to explore potential determinants including sociodemographic factors and asthma. Participants from the population-based birth cohort BAMSE (Barn/Child, Allergy, Milieu, Stockholm, Epidemiology) were included: 4,064 in the study population, 3,064 in a follow-up at age 24 years, and 2,049 in a COVID-19 follow-up (mean age, 26.5 years). Asthma and asthma-associated characteristics were assessed through questionnaires and clinical data. Data on all COVID-19 vaccines registered between January 1, 2021, and February 15, 2023, were extracted from the National Vaccination Register. In the study population (n = 4,064), 53.9% had ≥3 COVID-19 vaccine doses registered. In the 24-year follow-up population (n = 3,064), vaccine uptake differed in relation to education (P < .001). Among the participants with university/college education, 65.7% had an uptake of ≥3 doses of vaccine, compared to 54.1% among the participants with elementary school/high school education. Participants with asthma had decreased odds of receiving ≥3 doses (adjusted odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.92) and ≥2 compared to peers without asthma. Those with uncontrolled disease also had decreased odds of receiving ≥3 doses (adjusted odds ratio = 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.66) and ≥2 compared to participants with controlled asthma. COVID-19 vaccine uptake among young adults is lower in individuals from households with lower socioeconomic status and among those with asthma, including uncontrolled asthma.