A Period-Based Neural Network Algorithm for Predicting Building Energy Consumption of District Heating

• Published in: Energies (Basel) 2022-09, Vol.15 (17), p.6338
• Main Authors: Xie, Zhengchao, Wang, Xiao, Zheng, Lijun, Chang, Hao, Wang, Fei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Algorithms; Architecture and energy conservation; Clean energy; Cogeneration; Cogeneration power plants; Competition; Data structures; Deep learning; District heating; Energy consumption; Energy use; Fourier transform; Heat; Heating; Innovations; Machine learning; Neural networks; period-based neural network; Physics; Power plants; Predictions; Sliding; sliding window structure; Supply & demand; Time series; Water temperature
• ISSN: 1996-1073; 1996-1073
• DOI: 10.3390/en15176338

Northern China is vigorously promoting cogeneration and clean heating technologies. The accurate prediction of building energy consumption is the basis for heating regulation. In this paper, the daily, weekly, and annual periods of building energy consumption are determined by Fourier transformation. Accordingly, a period-based neural network (PBNN) is proposed to predict building energy consumption. The main innovation of PBNN is the introduction of a new data structure, which is a time-discontinuous sliding window. The sliding window consists of the past 24 h, 24 h for the same period last week, and 24 h for the same period the previous year. When predicting the building energy consumption for the next 1 h, 12 h, and 24 h, the prediction errors of the PBNN are 2.30%, 3.47%, and 3.66% lower than those of the traditional sliding window PBNN (TSW-PBNN), respectively. The training time of PBNN is approximately half that of TSW-PBNN. The time-discontinuous sliding window reduces the energy consumption prediction error and neural network model training time.