A Systematic Review of Gene Expression Studies in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis and Community-Acquired Pneumonia

(1) Background: Sepsis is present in nearly 90% of critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This systematic review updates the information on studies that have assessed gene expression profiles in critically ill septic patients with CAP. (2) Methods: We searched for studies t...

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Published in:Biomedicines 2023-10, Vol.11 (10), p.2755
Main Authors: Viasus, Diego, Nonell, Lara, Restrepo, Carlos, Figueroa, Fabian, Donado-Mazarrón, Carla, Carratalà, Jordi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Antibiotics
Biological response modifiers
community-acquired pneumonia
Disease
Gene expression
gene expression profile
gene set enrichment analysis
Genes
Genetic transcription
Graft rejection
Immune response
Inflammation
Intensive care
Interleukin 2
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Mortality
Myc protein
Pneumonia
Reactome
Respiratory distress syndrome
Sepsis
Stem cells
Streptococcus infections
Systematic Review
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
γ-Interferon
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Summary:(1) Background: Sepsis is present in nearly 90% of critically ill patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). This systematic review updates the information on studies that have assessed gene expression profiles in critically ill septic patients with CAP. (2) Methods: We searched for studies that satisfied the following criteria: (a) expression profile in critically ill patients with sepsis due to CAP, (b) presence of a control group, and (c) adult patients. Over-representation analysis was performed with clusterProfiler using the Hallmark and Reactome collections. (3) Results: A total of 4312 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and sRNAs were included in the enrichment analysis. In the Hallmark collection, genes regulated by nuclear factor kappa B in response to tumor necrosis factor, genes upregulated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 in response to interleukin 2 stimulation, genes upregulated in response to interferon-gamma, genes defining the inflammatory response, a subgroup of genes regulated by MYC-version 1 (v1), and genes upregulated during transplant rejection were significantly enriched in critically ill septic patients with CAP. Moreover, 88 pathways were identified in the Reactome database. (4) Conclusions: This study summarizes the reported DEGs in critically ill septic patients with CAP and investigates their functional implications. The results highlight the complexity of immune responses during CAP.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines11102755