Functional Training and Dual-Task Training Improve the Executive Function of Older Women

Functional training (FT) is a type of multicomponent training with emphasis on activities of daily living that stimulate different physical capacities in only one session. Dual-task training (DTT) is a type of training that simultaneously applies cognitive and motor stimuli. We investigated the effe...

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Published in:Geriatrics (Basel) 2023-08, Vol.8 (5), p.83
Main Authors: Pantoja-Cardoso, Alan, Aragão-Santos, Jose Carlos, Santos, Poliana de Jesus, Dos-Santos, Ana Carolina, Silva, Salviano Resende, Lima, Newton Benites Carvalho, Vasconcelos, Alan Bruno Silva, Fortes, Leonardo de Sousa, Da Silva-Grigoletto, Marzo Edir
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
Aged women
aging
cognition
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
cognitive training
Executive function
Executive function (Psychology)
Exercise
Exercise therapy
functional status
Health aspects
Memory
Methods
Occupational therapy
Older people
Physical education
physical exercise
Professionals
Psychological aspects
Womens health
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Summary:Functional training (FT) is a type of multicomponent training with emphasis on activities of daily living that stimulate different physical capacities in only one session. Dual-task training (DTT) is a type of training that simultaneously applies cognitive and motor stimuli. We investigated the effects of sixteen weeks of FT and DTT and eight weeks of detraining on older women’s inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Sixty-two older women (66.9 ± 5.4 years; 27.7 ± 3.9 kg/m2) completed a 16-week intervention program comprising the FT (n = 31) and DTT (n = 31), and 43 returned after the detraining period. We used the Stroop Color Word Color test to evaluate inhibitory control, the Corsi Block Test to assess working memory, and the Trail Making Test to evaluate cognitive flexibility. Only DTT reduced the congruent response time between the pre-test and post-test (d= −0.64; p < 0.001), with no difference between the post-test and the detraining values (d = 1.13; p < 0.001). Both groups reduced the incongruent response time between the pre-test and post-test (FT: d = −0.61; p = 0.002; DTT: d= −0.59; p = 0.002) without a difference between groups. There were no significant differences in working memory and cognitive flexibility. Sixteen weeks of FT and DTT increased the inhibitory control of older women but not the working memory and cognitive flexibility, and these effects persisted after eight weeks of detraining.
ISSN:2308-3417
2308-3417
DOI:10.3390/geriatrics8050083