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Efficacy of Actellic 300 CS-based indoor residual spraying on key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga, two regions of northern Benin
The current study shows the results of three years of IRS entomological monitoring (2016, before intervention; 2017 and 2018, after intervention) performed in Alibori and Donga, northern Benin. Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray cat...
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| Published in: | Parasites & vectors 2019-12, Vol.12 (1), p.612-612, Article 612 |
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| creator | Salako, Albert Sourou Dagnon, Fortune Sovi, Arthur Padonou, Gil Germain Aïkpon, Rock Ahogni, Idelphonse Syme, Thomas Govoétchan, Renaud Sagbohan, Herman Sominahouin, André Aimé Akinro, Bruno Iyikirenga, Laurent Agossa, Fiacre Akogbeto, Martin Codjo |
| description | The current study shows the results of three years of IRS entomological monitoring (2016, before intervention; 2017 and 2018, after intervention) performed in Alibori and Donga, northern Benin.
Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches in six districts including four treated with Actellic 300 CS (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou and Copargo) and two untreated (Bembèrèkè and Kouandé) which served as control sites. Key transmission indicators of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) as well as the residual activity of Actellic 300 CS assessed through WHO cone tests, were determined.
The residual efficacy duration of Actellic 300 CS after the two IRS campaigns (2017 and 2018) was 4-5 months (May-September). The parity rate and the sporozoite index of An. gambiae (s.l.) were 36.62% and 0.71%, respectively, after the first spray round in treated areas compared to 57.24% and 3.7%, respectively, in the control areas (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1186/s13071-019-3865-1 |
| format | article |
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Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches in six districts including four treated with Actellic 300 CS (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou and Copargo) and two untreated (Bembèrèkè and Kouandé) which served as control sites. Key transmission indicators of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) as well as the residual activity of Actellic 300 CS assessed through WHO cone tests, were determined.
The residual efficacy duration of Actellic 300 CS after the two IRS campaigns (2017 and 2018) was 4-5 months (May-September). The parity rate and the sporozoite index of An. gambiae (s.l.) were 36.62% and 0.71%, respectively, after the first spray round in treated areas compared to 57.24% and 3.7%, respectively, in the control areas (P < 0.0001). The same trend was observed after the second spray round. After the first spray round, each person received 1.6 infective bites/month (ib/m) in the treated areas against 12.11 ib/m in the control areas, resulting in a reduction rate of 86.78%. Similarly, the entomological inoculation rate was 1.5 ib/m after the second spray round in the treated areas vs 9.75 ib/m in the control areas, corresponding to a reduction of 84.61%. A decrease in the parity rate (46.26%), sporozoite index (85.75%) and EIR (87.27%) was observed for An. gambiae (s.l.) after the first round of IRS (June-October 2017) compared to the pre-intervention period (June-October 2016). The density of An. gambiae (s.l.) ranged between 0.38-0.48 per house in treated areas vs 1.53-1.76 An. gambiae (s.l.) per house respectively after the first and second IRS rounds.
This study showed the positive impact of IRS in reducing key entomological parameters of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga. However, the considerable blood-feeding rate of An. gambiae (s.l.) in spray areas, stress the need for the population to sleep under long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in addition, to prevent from mosquito bites which did not succeed in resting on sprayed walls.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1756-3305</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1756-3305</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3865-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31888730</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: BioMed Central Ltd</publisher><subject>Actellic 300CS ; Animals ; Anopheles ; Anopheles - drug effects ; Anopheles - parasitology ; Anopheles - physiology ; Aquatic insects ; Benin ; Bioassays ; Bites (Injuries) ; Collections ; Control ; Disease transmission ; Efficacy ; Feeding habits ; Female ; Human diseases ; Humans ; Indicators ; Inoculation ; Insect bites ; Insecticides ; Insecticides - pharmacology ; Intervention ; IRS ; Malaria ; Malaria - parasitology ; Malaria - transmission ; Mortality ; Mosquito Control - instrumentation ; Mosquito Control - methods ; Mosquito Vectors - drug effects ; Mosquito Vectors - parasitology ; Mosquito Vectors - physiology ; Mosquitoes ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds - pharmacology ; Parity ; Physiology ; Plasmodium - genetics ; Plasmodium - isolation & purification ; Plasmodium - physiology ; Reduction ; Sleep ; Spraying ; Vector-borne diseases</subject><ispartof>Parasites & vectors, 2019-12, Vol.12 (1), p.612-612, Article 612</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2019 BioMed Central Ltd.</rights><rights>2019. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2019</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c566t-4455aae23691d6b8b00c2fa71e32073c5977e939fdb6fad4fe3659f3a2da052d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c566t-4455aae23691d6b8b00c2fa71e32073c5977e939fdb6fad4fe3659f3a2da052d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6937814/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2341688364?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31888730$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Salako, Albert Sourou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagnon, Fortune</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sovi, Arthur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Padonou, Gil Germain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aïkpon, Rock</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahogni, Idelphonse</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Syme, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Govoétchan, Renaud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sagbohan, Herman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sominahouin, André Aimé</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akinro, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iyikirenga, Laurent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agossa, Fiacre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akogbeto, Martin Codjo</creatorcontrib><title>Efficacy of Actellic 300 CS-based indoor residual spraying on key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga, two regions of northern Benin</title><title>Parasites & vectors</title><addtitle>Parasit Vectors</addtitle><description>The current study shows the results of three years of IRS entomological monitoring (2016, before intervention; 2017 and 2018, after intervention) performed in Alibori and Donga, northern Benin.
Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches in six districts including four treated with Actellic 300 CS (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou and Copargo) and two untreated (Bembèrèkè and Kouandé) which served as control sites. Key transmission indicators of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) as well as the residual activity of Actellic 300 CS assessed through WHO cone tests, were determined.
The residual efficacy duration of Actellic 300 CS after the two IRS campaigns (2017 and 2018) was 4-5 months (May-September). The parity rate and the sporozoite index of An. gambiae (s.l.) were 36.62% and 0.71%, respectively, after the first spray round in treated areas compared to 57.24% and 3.7%, respectively, in the control areas (P < 0.0001). The same trend was observed after the second spray round. After the first spray round, each person received 1.6 infective bites/month (ib/m) in the treated areas against 12.11 ib/m in the control areas, resulting in a reduction rate of 86.78%. Similarly, the entomological inoculation rate was 1.5 ib/m after the second spray round in the treated areas vs 9.75 ib/m in the control areas, corresponding to a reduction of 84.61%. A decrease in the parity rate (46.26%), sporozoite index (85.75%) and EIR (87.27%) was observed for An. gambiae (s.l.) after the first round of IRS (June-October 2017) compared to the pre-intervention period (June-October 2016). The density of An. gambiae (s.l.) ranged between 0.38-0.48 per house in treated areas vs 1.53-1.76 An. gambiae (s.l.) per house respectively after the first and second IRS rounds.
This study showed the positive impact of IRS in reducing key entomological parameters of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga. However, the considerable blood-feeding rate of An. gambiae (s.l.) in spray areas, stress the need for the population to sleep under long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in addition, to prevent from mosquito bites which did not succeed in resting on sprayed walls.</description><subject>Actellic 300CS</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anopheles</subject><subject>Anopheles - drug effects</subject><subject>Anopheles - parasitology</subject><subject>Anopheles - physiology</subject><subject>Aquatic insects</subject><subject>Benin</subject><subject>Bioassays</subject><subject>Bites (Injuries)</subject><subject>Collections</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>Disease transmission</subject><subject>Efficacy</subject><subject>Feeding habits</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Human diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Indicators</subject><subject>Inoculation</subject><subject>Insect bites</subject><subject>Insecticides</subject><subject>Insecticides - pharmacology</subject><subject>Intervention</subject><subject>IRS</subject><subject>Malaria</subject><subject>Malaria - parasitology</subject><subject>Malaria - transmission</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Mosquito Control - instrumentation</subject><subject>Mosquito Control - methods</subject><subject>Mosquito Vectors - drug effects</subject><subject>Mosquito Vectors - parasitology</subject><subject>Mosquito Vectors - physiology</subject><subject>Mosquitoes</subject><subject>Organothiophosphorus Compounds - pharmacology</subject><subject>Parity</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Plasmodium - genetics</subject><subject>Plasmodium - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Plasmodium - physiology</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Sleep</subject><subject>Spraying</subject><subject>Vector-borne diseases</subject><issn>1756-3305</issn><issn>1756-3305</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2019</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpdks1u1DAURiMEoqXwAGyQJTZUIsWOYyfeIA1DgZEqIVFYWzf-ST0k9tROKPNCPCeeTqk6rBw55zuWr7-ieEnwGSEtf5cIxQ0pMRElbTkryaPimDSMl5Ri9vjB91HxLKU1xhwLxp8WR5S0bdtQfFz8ObfWKVBbFCxaqMkMg1OIYoyWl2UHyWjkvA4homiS0zMMKG0ibJ3vUfDop9ki46cwhiH02TPs6LxOIaadcYQBogM0RfBpdCm5HHIeLQbXhegQeI0-Bt_DWzTdhHxGn4HbpA9xujLRow_GO_-8eGJhSObF3XpS_Ph0_n35pbz4-nm1XFyUinE-lXXNGICpKBdE867tMFaVhYYYWuGGKiaaxggqrO64BV1bQzkTlkKlAbNK05NitffqAGu5iW6EuJUBnLzdCLGXECenBiNt19TQYqEa3dXQ1R0GwytNGAYrmDDZ9X7v2szdaLTKc4owHEgP_3h3JfvwS3JBm5bUWfDmThDD9WzSJPMEVX4h8CbMSVaUEk4owyKjr_9D12GOPo8qUzXhbUv5Tni2p3rIF3DehnxufnzQZnQqeGNd3l9wgkldt1WTA6cHgcxM5vfUw5ySXF1-O2TJnlUxpBSNvb8pwXJXV7mvq8x1lbu6SpIzrx6O6D7xr5_0L-y95zw</recordid><startdate>20191230</startdate><enddate>20191230</enddate><creator>Salako, Albert Sourou</creator><creator>Dagnon, Fortune</creator><creator>Sovi, Arthur</creator><creator>Padonou, Gil Germain</creator><creator>Aïkpon, Rock</creator><creator>Ahogni, Idelphonse</creator><creator>Syme, Thomas</creator><creator>Govoétchan, Renaud</creator><creator>Sagbohan, Herman</creator><creator>Sominahouin, André Aimé</creator><creator>Akinro, Bruno</creator><creator>Iyikirenga, Laurent</creator><creator>Agossa, Fiacre</creator><creator>Akogbeto, Martin Codjo</creator><general>BioMed Central Ltd</general><general>BioMed Central</general><general>BMC</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20191230</creationdate><title>Efficacy of Actellic 300 CS-based indoor residual spraying on key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga, two regions of northern Benin</title><author>Salako, Albert Sourou ; Dagnon, Fortune ; Sovi, Arthur ; Padonou, Gil Germain ; Aïkpon, Rock ; Ahogni, Idelphonse ; Syme, Thomas ; Govoétchan, Renaud ; Sagbohan, Herman ; Sominahouin, André Aimé ; Akinro, Bruno ; Iyikirenga, Laurent ; Agossa, Fiacre ; Akogbeto, Martin Codjo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c566t-4455aae23691d6b8b00c2fa71e32073c5977e939fdb6fad4fe3659f3a2da052d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2019</creationdate><topic>Actellic 300CS</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anopheles</topic><topic>Anopheles - drug effects</topic><topic>Anopheles - parasitology</topic><topic>Anopheles - physiology</topic><topic>Aquatic insects</topic><topic>Benin</topic><topic>Bioassays</topic><topic>Bites (Injuries)</topic><topic>Collections</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>Disease transmission</topic><topic>Efficacy</topic><topic>Feeding habits</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Human diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Indicators</topic><topic>Inoculation</topic><topic>Insect bites</topic><topic>Insecticides</topic><topic>Insecticides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Intervention</topic><topic>IRS</topic><topic>Malaria</topic><topic>Malaria - parasitology</topic><topic>Malaria - transmission</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Mosquito Control - instrumentation</topic><topic>Mosquito Control - methods</topic><topic>Mosquito Vectors - drug effects</topic><topic>Mosquito Vectors - parasitology</topic><topic>Mosquito Vectors - physiology</topic><topic>Mosquitoes</topic><topic>Organothiophosphorus Compounds - pharmacology</topic><topic>Parity</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Plasmodium - genetics</topic><topic>Plasmodium - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Plasmodium - physiology</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Sleep</topic><topic>Spraying</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Salako, Albert Sourou</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dagnon, Fortune</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sovi, Arthur</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Padonou, Gil Germain</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aïkpon, Rock</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahogni, Idelphonse</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Syme, Thomas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Govoétchan, Renaud</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sagbohan, Herman</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sominahouin, André Aimé</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akinro, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Iyikirenga, Laurent</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Agossa, Fiacre</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akogbeto, Martin Codjo</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Gale In Context: Science</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>ProQuest - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Parasites & vectors</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Salako, Albert Sourou</au><au>Dagnon, Fortune</au><au>Sovi, Arthur</au><au>Padonou, Gil Germain</au><au>Aïkpon, Rock</au><au>Ahogni, Idelphonse</au><au>Syme, Thomas</au><au>Govoétchan, Renaud</au><au>Sagbohan, Herman</au><au>Sominahouin, André Aimé</au><au>Akinro, Bruno</au><au>Iyikirenga, Laurent</au><au>Agossa, Fiacre</au><au>Akogbeto, Martin Codjo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Efficacy of Actellic 300 CS-based indoor residual spraying on key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga, two regions of northern Benin</atitle><jtitle>Parasites & vectors</jtitle><addtitle>Parasit Vectors</addtitle><date>2019-12-30</date><risdate>2019</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>612</spage><epage>612</epage><pages>612-612</pages><artnum>612</artnum><issn>1756-3305</issn><eissn>1756-3305</eissn><abstract>The current study shows the results of three years of IRS entomological monitoring (2016, before intervention; 2017 and 2018, after intervention) performed in Alibori and Donga, northern Benin.
Mosquito collections were performed on a monthly basis using human landing catches and pyrethrum spray catches in six districts including four treated with Actellic 300 CS (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou and Copargo) and two untreated (Bembèrèkè and Kouandé) which served as control sites. Key transmission indicators of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) as well as the residual activity of Actellic 300 CS assessed through WHO cone tests, were determined.
The residual efficacy duration of Actellic 300 CS after the two IRS campaigns (2017 and 2018) was 4-5 months (May-September). The parity rate and the sporozoite index of An. gambiae (s.l.) were 36.62% and 0.71%, respectively, after the first spray round in treated areas compared to 57.24% and 3.7%, respectively, in the control areas (P < 0.0001). The same trend was observed after the second spray round. After the first spray round, each person received 1.6 infective bites/month (ib/m) in the treated areas against 12.11 ib/m in the control areas, resulting in a reduction rate of 86.78%. Similarly, the entomological inoculation rate was 1.5 ib/m after the second spray round in the treated areas vs 9.75 ib/m in the control areas, corresponding to a reduction of 84.61%. A decrease in the parity rate (46.26%), sporozoite index (85.75%) and EIR (87.27%) was observed for An. gambiae (s.l.) after the first round of IRS (June-October 2017) compared to the pre-intervention period (June-October 2016). The density of An. gambiae (s.l.) ranged between 0.38-0.48 per house in treated areas vs 1.53-1.76 An. gambiae (s.l.) per house respectively after the first and second IRS rounds.
This study showed the positive impact of IRS in reducing key entomological parameters of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga. However, the considerable blood-feeding rate of An. gambiae (s.l.) in spray areas, stress the need for the population to sleep under long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in addition, to prevent from mosquito bites which did not succeed in resting on sprayed walls.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>BioMed Central Ltd</pub><pmid>31888730</pmid><doi>10.1186/s13071-019-3865-1</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Parasites & vectors, 2019-12, Vol.12 (1), p.612-612, Article 612 |
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| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_fb74a809c7db4ab4b0ae62d150af959e |
| source | PubMed Central (Open Access); Publicly Available Content Database |
| subjects | Actellic 300CS Animals Anopheles Anopheles - drug effects Anopheles - parasitology Anopheles - physiology Aquatic insects Benin Bioassays Bites (Injuries) Collections Control Disease transmission Efficacy Feeding habits Female Human diseases Humans Indicators Inoculation Insect bites Insecticides Insecticides - pharmacology Intervention IRS Malaria Malaria - parasitology Malaria - transmission Mortality Mosquito Control - instrumentation Mosquito Control - methods Mosquito Vectors - drug effects Mosquito Vectors - parasitology Mosquito Vectors - physiology Mosquitoes Organothiophosphorus Compounds - pharmacology Parity Physiology Plasmodium - genetics Plasmodium - isolation & purification Plasmodium - physiology Reduction Sleep Spraying Vector-borne diseases |
| title | Efficacy of Actellic 300 CS-based indoor residual spraying on key entomological indicators of malaria transmission in Alibori and Donga, two regions of northern Benin |
| url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-06T06%3A16%3A09IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_doaj_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Efficacy%20of%20Actellic%20300%20CS-based%20indoor%20residual%20spraying%20on%20key%20entomological%20indicators%20of%20malaria%20transmission%20in%20Alibori%20and%20Donga,%20two%20regions%20of%20northern%20Benin&rft.jtitle=Parasites%20&%20vectors&rft.au=Salako,%20Albert%20Sourou&rft.date=2019-12-30&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=612&rft.epage=612&rft.pages=612-612&rft.artnum=612&rft.issn=1756-3305&rft.eissn=1756-3305&rft_id=info:doi/10.1186/s13071-019-3865-1&rft_dat=%3Cgale_doaj_%3EA610144827%3C/gale_doaj_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c566t-4455aae23691d6b8b00c2fa71e32073c5977e939fdb6fad4fe3659f3a2da052d3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2341688364&rft_id=info:pmid/31888730&rft_galeid=A610144827&rfr_iscdi=true |