Sodium titanium oxide/zinc oxide (STO/ZnO) photocomposites for efficient dye degradation applications

In this study, sodium titanium oxide (Na Ti , termed STO) and sodium titanate/zinc oxide (STO/ZnO) photocomposites were prepared for the first time. A low-cost hydrothermal technique was employed to fabricate the STO/ZnO photocomposites with varying ZnO weight ratios: STO/0.25ZnO, STO/0.5ZnO, and ST...

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Published in:Green processing and synthesis 2024-06, Vol.13 (1), p.54-62
Main Authors: Zayed, Mohamed, Nasr, Mervat, Aljaafreh, Mamduh J., Marashdeh, Mohammad, Al-Hmoud, M., Shaban, Mohamed, Rabia, Mohamed, Tarek, Amna, Ahmed, Ashour M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Crystallites
Crystals
Dyes
energy gap
Irradiation
Light
Light irradiation
Methylene blue
organic dye
Photocatalysis
photocatalytic degradation
Photodegradation
Sodium
Sodium titanate
sodium titanium oxide
Titanium
Titanium oxide
Titanium oxides
Tungsten
Wastewater treatment
X-ray diffraction
Zinc oxide
Zinc oxides
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Summary:In this study, sodium titanium oxide (Na Ti , termed STO) and sodium titanate/zinc oxide (STO/ZnO) photocomposites were prepared for the first time. A low-cost hydrothermal technique was employed to fabricate the STO/ZnO photocomposites with varying ZnO weight ratios: STO/0.25ZnO, STO/0.5ZnO, and STO/ZnO. The prepared photocomposites were investigated for the decomposition of methylene blue dye (MB) under natural visible light illumination and an artificial tungsten halogen lamp. The STO/ZnO photocomposite exhibits high photodegradation performance, which can be correlated with its properties and characterization. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that STO has an average crystallite size of 69.1 nm, ZnO has an average crystallite size of 41.4 nm, and the combination of STO/ZnO results in a reduced average crystallite size of 39.5 nm. The bandgap ( ) of STO/ZnO is 2.53 eV after controlling the ZnO weight ratio. The photocatalytic efficiency of the STO/ZnO photocomposite was 100% for MB within 60 min of solar light irradiation, compared to 33.7% for STO and 25.8% for ZnO. The effect of STO/ZnO dosage and MB concentration was investigated. Furthermore, the kinetics and mechanisms of the photocatalytic process were examined. The results suggest that STO/ZnO has promising potential for practical applications in wastewater treatment.
ISSN:2191-9542
2191-9550
DOI:10.1515/gps-2023-0272