Recovery of Ag, Au, and Pt from Printed Circuit Boards by Pressure Leaching

• Published in: Recycling (Basel) 2021-12, Vol.6 (4), p.67
• Main Authors: Martinez-Ballesteros, Guadalupe, Valenzuela-García, Jesus Leobardo, Gómez-Alvarez, Agustin, Encinas-Romero, Martin Antonio, Mejía-Zamudio, Flerida Adriana, Rosas-Durazo, Aaron de Jesús, Valenzuela-Frisby, Roberto
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 19th century; Caustic soda; Chloride; Circuit boards; Copper; Gold; Hydrochloric acid; Hydrometallurgy; Iron; Leaching; Metals; Minerals; Nonrenewable resources; Platinum; Precious metals; Pressure leaching; Printed circuit boards; Printed circuits; Reclamation; recycling; Renewable resources; Scanning electron microscopy; Silver; Sodium; Spectrum analysis; Sulfuric acid; Sustainable yield; Titanium; Zinc
• ISSN: 2313-4321; 2313-4321
• DOI: 10.3390/recycling6040067

Reclamation of printed circuit boards (PCBs) to recover metals is gaining growing attention due to minerals being non-renewable resources. Currently, metals extraction from PCBs through an efficient and green method is still under investigation. The present investigation concerns the recycling of printed circuit boards using hydrometallurgical processes. First, the basic metals (Cu, Ni, Zn and Fe) were separated using a sulfuric acid solution at moderate temperatures. The remaining solids were characterized by SEM-EDS, whereby a high content of precious metals (Au, Ag and Pt) was observed. In the second stage, solids were leached with a solution of HCl and NaClO in a 1-L titanium reactor with varied oxygen pressure (0.2, 0.34 and 0.55 MPa), temperature (40, 50 and 80 °C) and concentration of HCl (2 and 4 M), obtaining extractions above 95% at [HCl] = 4 M, P = 0.34 MPa and T = 40 °C. The extraction increased depending on the concentration of HCl. Eh–pH diagrams for Ag–Cl–H2O, Au–Cl–H2O and Pt–Cl–H2O were constructed to know the possible species in the solution.