Immunometabolism of Immune Cells in Mucosal Environment Drives Effector Responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Tuberculosis remains a major threat to global public health, with more than 1.5 million deaths recorded in 2020. Improved interventions against tuberculosis are urgently needed, but there are still gaps in our knowledge of the host-pathogen interaction that need to be filled, especially at the site...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-08, Vol.23 (15), p.8531
Main Authors: Tukiman, Mohd Hatimi, Norazmi, Mohd Nor
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alveoli
Antigens
Autophagy
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Cytokines
Dendritic cells
Effector cells
Fatty acids
Genotype & phenotype
glycolysis
gut-lung axis
Host-pathogen interactions
Hypoxia
Immune system
immunometabolism
Infections
innate and adaptive immune cells
Kinases
Lipids
Lungs
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages
Metabolism
Microenvironments
Mucosal immunity
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Neutrophils
oxidative phosphorylation
Pandemics
Public health
Respiration
Review
Surfactants
Tuberculosis
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Vaccination
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Summary:Tuberculosis remains a major threat to global public health, with more than 1.5 million deaths recorded in 2020. Improved interventions against tuberculosis are urgently needed, but there are still gaps in our knowledge of the host-pathogen interaction that need to be filled, especially at the site of infection. With a long history of infection in humans, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved to be able to exploit the microenvironment of the infection site to survive and grow. The immune cells are not only reliant on immune signalling to mount an effective response to Mtb invasion but can also be orchestrated by their metabolic state. Cellular metabolism was often overlooked in the past but growing evidence of its importance in the functions of immune cells suggests that it can no longer be ignored. This review aims to gain a better understanding of mucosal immunometabolism of resident effector cells, such as alveolar macrophages and mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAIT cells), in response to Mtb infection and how Mtb manipulates them for its survival and growth, which could address our knowledge gaps while opening up new questions, and potentially be applied for future vaccination and therapeutic strategies.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23158531