HLA Associations and Clinical Implications in T-Cell Mediated Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Updated Review

T-cell mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions may range from mild rash to severe fatal reactions. Among them, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) or drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome/ toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), are some of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of immunology research 2014-01, Vol.2014 (2014), p.1-8
Main Authors: Deng, Shin-Tarng, Chen, Wei-Li, Chen, Chi-Hua, Su, Shih-Chi, Cheng, Chi-Yuan, Chung, Wen-Hung
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alleles
Allopurinol - adverse effects
Carbamazepine - adverse effects
Dideoxynucleosides - adverse effects
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - etiology
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - genetics
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - immunology
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome - pathology
Gene Expression
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
HLA Antigens - genetics
HLA Antigens - immunology
Humans
Immunology
Review
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - etiology
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - genetics
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - immunology
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - pathology
T-Lymphocytes - drug effects
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
T-Lymphocytes - pathology
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Summary:T-cell mediated drug hypersensitivity reactions may range from mild rash to severe fatal reactions. Among them, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) or drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome/ toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), are some of the most life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Recent advances in pharmacogenetic studies show strong genetic associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and susceptibility to drug hypersensitivity. This review summarizes the literature on recent progresses in pharmacogenetic studies and clinical application of pharmacogenetic screening based on associations between SCARs and specific HLA alleles to avoid serious conditions associated with drug hypersensitivity.
ISSN:2314-8861
2314-7156
DOI:10.1155/2014/565320