Non-Insulin Novel Antidiabetic Drugs Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19

The present study aimed to analyse the published data and to realize an update about the use and pathogenesis of the novel antidiabetic drugs, respectively, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 Ra), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor...

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Published in:Biomedicines 2022-10, Vol.10 (10), p.2624
Main Authors: Salmen, Teodor, Pietroșel, Valeria-Anca, Mihai, Bianca-Margareta, Bica, Ioana Cristina, Teodorescu, Claudiu, Păunescu, Horia, Coman, Oana Andreia, Mihai, Doina-Andrada, Pantea Stoian, Anca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Clinical trials
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors
Glucagon
Glucagon-like peptide 1
glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist
Glucose transporter
Inflammation
Insulin
Mortality
Pandemics
Pathogenesis
Patients
Peptidase
sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors
Systematic Review
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Summary:The present study aimed to analyse the published data and to realize an update about the use and pathogenesis of the novel antidiabetic drugs, respectively, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 Ra), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Literature research in the PubMed and Web of Science database was performed in order to identify relevant published clinical trials and meta-analyses that include information about the treatment with novel antidiabetic agents in patients with T2DM and COVID-19. A total of seven articles were included, and their primary and secondary outcomes were reported and analysed. DPP-4i has mixed results on mortality in T2DM patients with COVID-19 but with an overall slightly favourable or neutral effect, whereas GLP-1 Ra seems to have a rather beneficial impact, while SGLT-2i may be useful in acute illness. Even if there are limited data, they seem to have favourable efficacy and safety profiles. The available evidence is heterogenous and insufficient to evaluate if the benefits of non-insulin novel antidiabetic drugs in COVID-19 treatment are due to the improvement of glycaemic control or to their intrinsic anti-inflammatory effects but highlights their beneficial effects in the pathogenesis and evolution of the disease.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10102624