MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Gynecological Cancers

MicroRNAs are non-coding transcripts that, thanks to the ability to regulate the mRNA of target genes, can affect the expression of genes encoding tumor suppressors and oncogenes. They can control many important cellular processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, growth, division, and metaboli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicines 2023-06, Vol.11 (6), p.1704
Main Authors: Miśkiewicz, Joanna, Mielczarek-Palacz, Aleksandra, Gola, Joanna Magdalena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Biological markers
Biomarkers
Biosynthesis
Cancer
Cell cycle
Cell death
Cervical cancer
Development and progression
Disease
Endometrial cancer
Endometrium
Enzymes
Fallopian tubes
Fibroblasts
Gene expression
Genes
gynecological cancers
Gynecology
Kinases
Medical prognosis
MicroRNAs
miRNA
Mutation
Ovarian cancer
Pathogenesis
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Review
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Summary:MicroRNAs are non-coding transcripts that, thanks to the ability to regulate the mRNA of target genes, can affect the expression of genes encoding tumor suppressors and oncogenes. They can control many important cellular processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, growth, division, and metabolism. Therefore, miRNAs play an important role in the development of many cancers, including gynecological cancers. Ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, cervical cancer, and vulvar cancer are the most common cancers in women and are a frequent cause of death. The heterogeneity of the pathogenesis of these gynecological diseases makes the diagnostic process a significant obstacle for modern medicine. To date, many studies have been carried out, in which particular attention has been paid to the molecular pathomechanism of these diseases, with particular emphasis on miRNAs. To date, the changed profile of many miRNAs, which influenced the promotion of proliferation, migration, invasion processes and the simultaneous inhibition of programmed cell death, has been proven many times. Detailed understanding of the molecular effects of miRNAs in the above-mentioned gynecological cancers will enable the development of potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers, as well as the optimization of the diagnostic process.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines11061704