Effects of an urban sanitation intervention on childhood enteric infection and diarrhea in Maputo, Mozambique: A controlled before-and-after trial

We conducted a controlled before-and-after trial to evaluate the impact of an onsite urban sanitation intervention on the prevalence of enteric infection, soil transmitted helminth re-infection, and diarrhea among children in Maputo, Mozambique. A non-governmental organization replaced existing poor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:eLife 2021-04, Vol.10
Main Authors: Knee, Jackie, Sumner, Trent, Adriano, Zaida, Anderson, Claire, Bush, Farran, Capone, Drew, Casmo, Veronica, Holcomb, David, Kolsky, Pete, MacDougall, Amy, Molotkova, Evgeniya, Braga, Judite Monteiro, Russo, Celina, Schmidt, Wolf Peter, Stewart, Jill, Zambrana, Winnie, Zuin, Valentina, Nalá, Rassul, Cumming, Oliver, Brown, Joe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Bacterial Infections - diagnosis
Bacterial Infections - epidemiology
Bacterial Infections - microbiology
Bacterial Infections - prevention & control
Biotechnology industry
Breastfeeding & lactation
Caregivers
Child, Preschool
Childhood
Children
Children & youth
Childrens health
Defecation
Diarrhea
Diarrhea - epidemiology
Diarrhea - microbiology
Diarrhea - prevention & control
Disease transmission
Drinking water
Dysentery, Bacillary - epidemiology
Dysentery, Bacillary - microbiology
Dysentery, Bacillary - prevention & control
Enrollments
enteric infection
Environmental health
Epidemiology and Global Health
Female
Helminthiasis - diagnosis
Helminthiasis - epidemiology
Helminthiasis - parasitology
Helminthiasis - prevention & control
Households
Humans
Infant
Infection
Infections
Infrastructure
Intervention
Low income groups
Male
Medicine
Mozambique - epidemiology
neglected tropical diseases
Neighborhoods
Non-governmental organizations
Pathogens
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Reinfection
Residence Characteristics
Sanitary Engineering
Sanitation
Septic tanks
Sewer systems
Soil - parasitology
soil-transmitted helminths
Time Factors
Toilet Facilities
Toilets
Trichuriasis - epidemiology
Trichuriasis - parasitology
Trichuriasis - prevention & control
Urban areas
Urban Health
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Description
Summary:We conducted a controlled before-and-after trial to evaluate the impact of an onsite urban sanitation intervention on the prevalence of enteric infection, soil transmitted helminth re-infection, and diarrhea among children in Maputo, Mozambique. A non-governmental organization replaced existing poor-quality latrines with pour-flush toilets with septic tanks serving household clusters. We enrolled children aged 1-48 months at baseline and measured outcomes before and 12 and 24 months after the intervention, with concurrent measurement among children in a comparable control arm. Despite nearly exclusive use, we found no evidence that intervention affected the prevalence of any measured outcome after 12 or 24 months of exposure. Among children born into study sites after intervention, we observed a reduced prevalence of and infection relative to the same age group at baseline (
ISSN:2050-084X
2050-084X
DOI:10.7554/ELIFE.62278