Diagnosis of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy: State of the Art, Challenges, and Perspectives

Hymenoptera venom allergy is the most common cause of anaphylaxis in adults and the second-most frequent in children. The proper diagnosis of this life-threatening allergy remains a challenge. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy. The paper...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedicines 2022-09, Vol.10 (9), p.2170
Main Authors: Matysiak, Joanna, Matuszewska, Eliza, Packi, Kacper, Klupczyńska-Gabryszak, Agnieszka
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergens
Allergies
Anaphylaxis
Antigens
Bees
Body fluids
cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants
Diagnosis
diagnostics
Hymenoptera
Hymenoptera venom allergens
Hymenoptera venom allergy
Immunoglobulin E
Immunotherapy
Insects
Patients
Peptides
Proteins
Quality of life
Review
Venom
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Summary:Hymenoptera venom allergy is the most common cause of anaphylaxis in adults and the second-most frequent in children. The proper diagnosis of this life-threatening allergy remains a challenge. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy. The paper includes a brief description of the representatives of Hymenoptera order and the composition of their venoms. Then, diagnostic tests for allergy to Hymenoptera venom are described. Common diagnostic problems, especially double positivity in tests for IgE antibodies specific to honeybee and wasp venom, are also discussed. Special attention is paid to the search for new diagnostic capabilities using modern methodologies. Multidimensional molecular analysis offers an opportunity to characterize changes in body fluids associated with Hymenoptera venom allergy and yields a unique insight into the cell status. Despite recent developments in the diagnostics of Hymenoptera venom allergy, new testing methodologies are still needed to answer questions and doubts we have.
ISSN:2227-9059
2227-9059
DOI:10.3390/biomedicines10092170