Defining Energy-Dense, Nutrient-Poor Food and Drinks and Estimating the Amount of Discretionary Energy

Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2022-04, Vol.14 (7), p.1477
Main Authors: Biltoft-Jensen, Anja, Matthiessen, Jeppe, Hess Ygil, Karin, Christensen, Tue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Alcoholic beverages
Beverages
Body weight gain
Candy
Child
Child, Preschool
Classification
Diet
Dietary guidelines
dietary pattern
Energy
Energy Intake
Energy requirements
Flux density
Food
Health care
Humans
Medical research
Micronutrients
Middle Aged
nutrient profiling
Nutrients
Nutrition
Nutrition research
Obesity
Overweight
Public health
recommended diet
Snacks
Sweet taste
Sweetening Agents
Young Adult
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Summary:Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks in a recommended diet. A stepwise approach was used first to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and then to estimate the amount of discretionary energy in a recommended diet using diet modeling. The nutrition profiling model comprised 24 macro- and micronutrients and energy density. The model classified 67% of 1482 foods and 73% of 161 drinks correctly as EDNP food and drinks compared with an expert-adjusted model. Sweets, chocolate, cake, cookies and biscuits, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened drinks, and alcoholic drinks were classified as EDNP food and drinks. The estimated amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks was 4-6% of the energy requirements for 4-75-year-old Danes. It seems prudent to have special attention on EDNP food and drinks in dietary guidelines and future public health initiatives to avoid overconsumption of energy.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14071477