The influence of sex on neuroimmune communication, pain, and physiology

With the National Institutes of Health's mandate to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV), there has been a significant increase of studies utilizing both sexes. Historically, we have known that biological sex and hormones influence immunological processes and now studies focusing on int...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology of sex differences 2024-10, Vol.15 (1), p.82-25, Article 82
Main Authors: Alexander, Shevon N, Green, Audrey R, Debner, Emily K, Ramos Freitas, Lindsey E, Abdelhadi, Hanna M K, Szabo-Pardi, Thomas A, Burton, Michael D
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Female
Hormones
Humans
Male
Neuroimmune
Neuroimmunomodulation
Pain
Pain - immunology
Physiology
Review
Sex Characteristics
Sex differences
Translational
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Summary:With the National Institutes of Health's mandate to consider sex as a biological variable (SABV), there has been a significant increase of studies utilizing both sexes. Historically, we have known that biological sex and hormones influence immunological processes and now studies focusing on interactions between the immune, endocrine, and nervous systems are revealing sex differences that influence pain behavior and various molecular and biochemical processes. Neuroendocrine-immune interactions represent a key integrative discipline that will reveal critical processes in each field as it pertains to novel mechanisms in sex differences and necessary therapeutics. Here we appraise preclinical and clinical literature to discuss these interactions and key pathways that drive cell- and sex-specific differences in immunity, pain, and physiology.
ISSN:2042-6410
2042-6410
DOI:10.1186/s13293-024-00660-w