Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and risk factors in North-Central Nigeria: a population-based survey

• Published in: BMC nephrology 2020-11, Vol.21 (1), p.467-467, Article 467
• Main Authors: Olanrewaju, Timothy Olusegun, Aderibigbe, Ademola, Popoola, Ademola Alabi, Braimoh, Kolawole Thomas, Buhari, Mikhail Olayinka, Adedoyin, Olanrewaju Timothy, Kuranga, Sulyman Alege, Biliaminu, Sikiru Abayomi, Chijioke, Adindu, Ajape, Abdulwahab Akanbi, Grobbee, Diederick E, Blankestijn, Peter J, Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Aging; Blood pressure; Chronic illnesses; Chronic kidney disease; Chronic kidney failure; Community; Creatinine; Demographic aspects; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Epidemiology; Epidermal growth factor receptors; Ethnicity; Fasting; Glomerular filtration rate; Glucose; Hematuria; Hemoglobin; Hypertension; Kidney diseases; Laboratories; Local government; Minority & ethnic groups; Nephrology; Obesity; Population; Proteinuria; Regions; Risk factors; Statistics; Sub-Saharan Africa; Teaching hospitals; Ultrasound; Urban populations; Urinalysis; Urine; Womens health
• ISSN: 1471-2369; 1471-2369
• DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-02126-8

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing challenge in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. There is insufficient population-based data on CKD in Nigeria that is required to estimate its true burden, and to design prevention and management strategies. The study aims to determine the prevalence of CKD and its risk factors in Nigeria. We studied 8 urban communities in Kwara State, North-Central zone of Nigeria. Blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, urinalysis, weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference were obtained. Albuminuria and kidney length were measured by ultrasound while estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was derived from serum creatinine, using chronic disease epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Associations of risk factors with CKD were determined by multivariate logistic regression and expressed as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. One thousand three hundred and fifty-three adults ≥18 years (44% males) with mean age of 44.3 ± 14.4 years, were screened. Mean kidney lengths were: right, 93.5 ± 7.0 cm and left, 93.4 ± 7.5 cm. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 24%; diabetes 4%; obesity 8.7%; albuminuria of > 30 mg/L 7%; and dipstick proteinuria 13%. The age-adjusted prevalence of CKD by estimated GFR