Importance of ABC Transporters in the Survival of Parasitic Nematodes and the Prospect for the Development of Novel Control Strategies

ABC transporters, a family of ATP-dependent transmembrane proteins, are responsible for the active transport of a wide range of molecules across cell membranes, including drugs, toxins, and nutrients. Nematodes possess a great diversity of ABC transporters; however, only P-glycoproteins have been we...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2023-05, Vol.12 (6), p.755
Main Authors: Raza, Ali, Williams, Andrew R, Abeer, Muhammad Mustafa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABC transporters
Active transport
anthelmintic resistance
Antiparasitic agents
Binding sites
Bioavailability
Carrier proteins
Cell membranes
Control
DNA repair
Drug resistance in microorganisms
Drugs
Efflux
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Gene expression
Gene regulation
Glycoproteins
Inhibitors
Membrane proteins
Membranes
Multidrug resistance
multidrug resistance inhibitors
Nematoda
Nematodes
Nutrients
P-glycoproteins
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
parasitic nematodes
Pest resistance
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Polyphenols
Prokaryotes
Protein transport
Proteins
Review
Survival
Toxins
Worms
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Summary:ABC transporters, a family of ATP-dependent transmembrane proteins, are responsible for the active transport of a wide range of molecules across cell membranes, including drugs, toxins, and nutrients. Nematodes possess a great diversity of ABC transporters; however, only P-glycoproteins have been well-characterized compared to other classes. The ABC transport proteins have been implicated in developing resistance to various classes of anthelmintic drugs in parasitic nematodes; their role in plant and human parasitic nematodes still needs further investigation. Therefore, ABC transport proteins offer a potential opportunity to develop nematode control strategies. Multidrug resistance inhibitors are becoming more attractive for controlling nematodes due to their potential to increase drug efficacy in two ways: (i) by limiting drug efflux from nematodes, thereby increasing the amount of drug that reaches its target site, and (ii) by reducing drug excretion by host animals, thereby enhancing drug bioavailability. This article reviews the role of ABC transporters in the survival of parasitic nematodes, including the genes involved, their regulation and physiological roles, as well as recent developments in their characterization. It also discusses the association of ABC transporters with anthelmintic resistance and the possibility of targeting them with next-generation inhibitors or nutraceuticals (e.g., polyphenols) to control parasitic infections.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens12060755