Current Sheet Antenna Array and 5G: Challenges, Recent Trends, Developments, and Future Directions

Designing an ultra-wideband array antenna for fifth generation (5G) is challenging for the antenna designing community because of the highly fragmented electromagnetic spectrum. To overcome bandwidth limitations, several millimeter-wave bands for 5G and beyond applications are considered; as a resul...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-04, Vol.22 (9), p.3329
Main Authors: Hussain, Sajjad, Qu, Shi-Wei, Sharif, Abu Bakar, Abubakar, Hassan Sani, Wang, Xiao-Hua, Imran, Muhammad Ali, Abbasi, Qammer H
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antenna array
Antenna arrays
Antennas
Antennas (Electronics)
Arrays
Bandwidths
current sheet array (CSA)
Current sheets
Design
Electric waves
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetism
Ground plane
Internet of Things
Military deployment
Millimeter waves
millimeter-wave
Mutual coupling
Octaves
Phased arrays
Review
Spectrum allocation
ultra-wideband (UWB)
Ultrawideband
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Summary:Designing an ultra-wideband array antenna for fifth generation (5G) is challenging for the antenna designing community because of the highly fragmented electromagnetic spectrum. To overcome bandwidth limitations, several millimeter-wave bands for 5G and beyond applications are considered; as a result, many antenna arrays have been proposed during the past decades. This paper aims to explore recent developments and techniques regarding a specific type of phased array antenna used in 5G applications, called current sheet array (CSA). CSA consists of capacitively coupled elements placed over a ground plane, with mutual coupling intentionally introduced in a controlled manner between the elements. CSA concept evolved and led to the realization of new array antennas with multiple octaves of bandwidth. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the existing works in this line of research. We analyze and discuss various aspects of the proposed array antennas with the wideband and wide-scan operation. Additionally, we discuss the significance of the phased array antenna in 5G communication. Moreover, we describe the current research challenges and future directions for CSA-based phased array antennas.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s22093329