Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Seasonal Flow and Salt Transport for the C&D Canal

Three-dimensional flow and transport models were developed to study the impact of deepening the C&D Canal and approach channel in Chesapeake Bay from 35 ft to 40 ft. The area modelled included Delaware Bay from the Atlantic Ocean upstream to the head of tide, the C&D Canal, and the upper Che...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hsieh, Bernard B, Richards, David R
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
ACCURACY
AIR WATER INTERACTIONS
BOUNDARIES
CANALS
CHANNEL FLOW
CHANNELS(WATERWAYS)
CHESAPEAKE AND DELAWARE CANAL
CHESAPEAKE BAY
Civil Engineering
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
DELAWARE BAY
DELAWARE RIVER
ELEVATION
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
ESTUARIES
FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY
FRESH WATER
HYDRODYNAMICS
HYDROLOGY
Hydrology, Limnology and Potamology
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
OCEAN BASINS
OCEAN TIDES
SALINITY
SALTS
SEASONAL VARIATIONS
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
THREE DIMENSIONAL FLOW
TIDAL CURRENTS
TURBULENCE
WATER FLOW
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Summary:Three-dimensional flow and transport models were developed to study the impact of deepening the C&D Canal and approach channel in Chesapeake Bay from 35 ft to 40 ft. The area modelled included Delaware Bay from the Atlantic Ocean upstream to the head of tide, the C&D Canal, and the upper Chesapeake Bay from Annapolis, MD, upstream to the head of tide. The boundary conditions for the models were based on two 3-month seasonal periods. The models were verified with observed prototype data and found accurate for water-surface elevations, tidal currents, and salinity distributions. Twenty-four simulations were conducted with a wide range of boundary conditions and geometries, including combinations of freshwater inflow, tide, and salinity boundary conditions. The low-flow, medium-flow, and high-flow conditions were determined using a statistical analysis of the historical records. Original contains color plates: All DTIC/NTIS will be in black and white.