Environmental Transport and Fate Process Descriptors for Propellant Compounds

Sustainable management of Army training ranges requires quantification of the distribution, transport, and fate of munitions constituents (propellants and explosives) in soil, surface and groundwater. Propellant formulations are mixtures consisting of energetic compounds, binders, stabilizers, and b...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mirecki, June E, Porter, Beth, Weiss, Jr , Charles A
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
AMMUNITION
Ammunition and Explosives
ARMY TRAINING
BIOTRANSFORMATION
ENERGETIC PROPERTIES
EXPLOSIVES
FATE
FORMULATIONS(CHEMISTRY)
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
PROPELLANTS
SORPTION
TRANSFORMATIONS
TRANSPORT
VOLATILITY
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Summary:Sustainable management of Army training ranges requires quantification of the distribution, transport, and fate of munitions constituents (propellants and explosives) in soil, surface and groundwater. Propellant formulations are mixtures consisting of energetic compounds, binders, stabilizers, and burning-rate modifiers. Factors that affect the transport and fate of these diverse compounds include dissolution, sorption, biotransformation, volatilization, and photochemical transformation. This report summarizes the current understanding of these processes, and provides process descriptors for propellant compounds. Results of leaching experiments on representative single-base, double-base, and triple-base propellant mixtures also are presented. The original document contains color images.